고구려 금관의 양식사와 정치변화

Abstract

Goguryeo was the first in our country to use a golden crown. However researches done up to present date shows that Goguryeo didn’t have a golden crown. But by judging from the excavated artifacts which are related to Goguryeo’s golden crown such as tomb no. 871 at Chilsung Mountain which is presumed to be a tomb from the 2ndcentury A.D. Within this tomb, the excavated crown had scriptures of the sequential heiress was written in bronze around the circumference together with the sun shaped crowns. Originating from this discovery, within what we are presuming to be a tomb from the 4thcentury, tomb no. 992 from Woo Mountain, tomb Maseon no. 2100 is presumed to belong to King Sosurim and inside this tomb, parts of the crown circumference and a golden crown in a much more developed form since the past have been excavated. I believe that these crowns made of pure gold shows us that golden crowns existed. It is because on a gold-bronze crown, it was no decorated by pure gold. This clearly proves that Goguryeo made golden crowns before the Shilla dynasty. Not only that but within the tomb of Gwanggaeto the Great which was in the 5thcentury had golden crowns in the form of Jeolpung along with the crown circumference and a feather form crown style. Apart from this there were other various styles such as the sun along with other a lot of gold crowns which were excavated. Next, among the golden crowns from Goguryeo, the most developed style golden crown is the Kangso-gun gold crown which was from King Jangsu’s period. This gold crown has a floral pattern which decorates the circumference of the crown along with 7 flame patters which is decorated vertically. These decorations have made the crown more fancy and furthermore gave a dynamic look. If so, why did Goguryeo start making gold crowns? Also, what are its functions when governing the citizens? Since the establishment of Goguryeo until its very last day, they have been constantly in battles with neighbor countries. However, from the beginning of Goguryeo’s war-riden history, it clearly indicates their basic ideology behind all their battles is to take back the lands which were initially Goguryeo’s. In other words, not only did they want to take back Gojoseon’s land but also to reconstruct the order of the whole country. Goguryeo considered themselves to be the successors of Gojoseon. In other worlds, ‘taking back the land which belonged to them’ was the ideology behind Goguryeo’s governing and therefore the war-riden history inter-locked with their ideology. Therefore, the gold crown which was worn by Gwanggaeto the Great was designed in Jeolpung format, a format which was used widely across the Korean peninsula during the Gojoseon era. The reason for this design can be easily translated as back then, Goguryeo wanted to imply the idea on them being the successors of Gojoseon and furthermore in their goal to change the country’s order. However as we approach King Jangsu’s period, in order for them to make the whole of Korea’s peninsula and Manchuria into a directly ruled area, the king strengthened his royal authority, concentrating mainly on war and lastly to establish the country’s legitimacy in order to reconstruct what was established during the Gojoseon era. Therefore, with this ideology which was reflected during King Jangsu’s era, the crown made during this period also known as ‘Kangso-gun gold crown’ has symbolized Gojoseon’s Dangun also known as the son of the sun which has been decorated as vertically pointing flame patterns. Through the result of this research, the origins of our country’s gold crown through the conventional views which translates that it originates from the cultures and traditions from Siberian Shamans and other Eurasian tribes must be overcome with criticism. That will be the only way for our country to be start acting as a country where gold crowns originate from furthermore raise the future of our country’s national culture.