인구역학적 요인에 따른 한국인의 사시 및 눈떨림 유병률 조사: 제5기 국민건강영양조사 자료
An Epidemiologic Survey of Strabismus and Nystagmus in South Korea: KNHANES V
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목적: 사시 질환은 어느 연령대에서도 발병 가능하며 다양한 기능적 또는 비기능적 안과적 문제를 발생시킬 수 있다. 인구 기반 연구를 통해 다양한 인구역학적 요인에 따른 한국의 사시, 눈떨림 등을 포함한 사시 질환의 유병률을 확인하고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 2008년 7월부터 2011년 12월까지 실시된 국민건강영양조사(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, n=30,538)의 자료를 사용하여 분석하였다. 사시와 눈떨림의 유병률을 파악하고, 관련된 인구역학적 요인에 대해 평가하였다. 결과: 3세 이상에서 사시 및 눈떨림 환자의 전체 유병률은 1.4 ± 0.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-1.6%, 남자 1.5 ± 0.1%, 여자 1.3 ± 0.1%)였다. 외사시(15프리즘디옵터 이상), 내사시(10프리즘디옵터 이상), 수직 편위, 기타 복잡한 사시 및 눈떨림의 유병률은 각각 1.0%, 0.2%, 0.2%, 0.1% 및 0.1%였다. 유병률은 6–15세 연령층에서 가장 높았으며(1.9 ± 0.3%), 40–49세(0.8 ± 0.1%)에서 가장 낮았다(p=0.005). 성별, 지역, 주거 지역, 가구 소득, 교육 수준 및 직업과 관련하여 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론: 국민건강영양조사 자료를 분석한 결과 한국의 인구역학적 요인에 따른 사시 질환의 유병률은 연령 집단을 제외하고는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 향후 사시 질환의 유병률과 관련된 추가적인 다른 보건 및 사회적 지표들의 검토가 유병률 연구에 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
Purpose: Strabismus affects any age and represents various functional or non-functional eye problems. This population-based study was conducted to determine the prevalence of strabismus and nystagmus in South Korea according to various sociodemographic factors. Methods: We acquired data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nation-wide cross-sectional survey and examinations of the non-institutionalized civilian population in South Korea (n = 30,538), conducted from July 2008 to December 2011. The prevalence of strabismus and nystagmus were verified, and associated sociodemographic factors was evaluated. Results: The overall prevalence of strabismic disorder in participants over 3 years of age was 1.4 ± 0.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-1.6%; 1.5 ± 0.1% in males, 1.3 ± 0.1% in females). The prevalence of exodeviation (15 or more prism diopters), esodeviation (10 or more prism diopters), vertical deviation, and other complicated strabismus and nystagmus was 1.0%, 0.2%, 0.2%, 0.1% and 0.1% respectively. The prevalence was highest in the 6 to 15-year age group (1.9 ± 0.3%), and lowest in the 40 to 49 years age group (0.8 ± 0.1%) (p = 0.005). There were no statistically significant differences for gender, region, residential area, household income, educational level and occupation. Conclusions: This nation-wide epidemiologic study demonstrated that the prevalence of strabismus and nystagmus according to various sociodemographic factors in South Korea was not statistically significant except for age group. Further investigations are required based on more surveys to better recognize the etiologic or risk factors that may be related to strabismus and nystagmus.
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