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논문KCI 등재

조기진통의 치료

Overview for the management of preterm labor

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참고문헌

주제분류산부인과학

초록

=조산에 의해 출생한 조산아들은 영아사망의 절반을 차지할 뿐만 아니라 생존아 에서도 신경계 발달 장애, 호흡기계 이상 등의 이환율이 증가하는 것으로 알려져 있어 조산을 유발하는 원인과 치료에 대한 논란은 지속되어 왔다. 지난 40년 동안 여러 가지 치료에도 불구하고 조기진통이나 조산율, 신생아 사망률을 낮추지 못하였지만, 적극적인 치료를 통해 임신기간의 연장이나 신생아 이환율을 감소시키고 있다. 현재 국내에서 대표적으로 사용되고 있는 조기진통의 치료는 자궁수축억제제, 항생제, 스테로이드제로 요약될 수 있다. 아직까지 자궁수축억제제로 정립된 제제는 없지만, RCOG에서는 더 이상 1차 선택제로 베타 교감신경작용제를 추천하지 않고 비슷한 진통 억제 효과를 보이면서 부작용이 적은 아토시반이나 칼슘통로 차단제를 선호하고 있다. 이러한 자궁수축억제제, 항생제, 스테로이드제는 임신 24주에서 34주까지 투여하고, 34주 이상에서 분만이 임박한 상황이라면 약물요법보다는 분만을 고려하는 것이 원칙이다. 유지요법으로의 자궁수축억제제의 사용은 권고되지 않는다. 현재까지 조기진통의 치료효과에 대해 많은 논란이 있지만, 각각의 산모가 처한 상황과, 임신주수, 산모와 태아에게 미치는 영향 등을 고려하여 개별적 치료가 이루어지게 하는 것이 바람직하다.

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