Incidence and risk factors of hepatitis C virus infection among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients in a large HIV clinic in South Korea
0
조회
0
다운로드
5
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background/Aims: Increasing incidences of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex were reported in the United States and Europe. However, few studies regarding the epidemiology of HCV infection in HIV-infected patients in Asian countries have been reported. Methods: To determine the prevalence and incidence of HCV infection in HIV-infected patients, a retrospective cohort study was conducted. All HIV-infected patients who visited a tertiary care hospital in Korea from 2000 to 2013 were identified. Patients with ≥ 1 HCV antibody (Ab) test were included and observed until December 2014. Results: Among 996 HIV-infected patients, 790 patients (79%) had baseline HCV Ab tests and 41 (5.2%) were positive at baseline and four at follow-up. Experience of injecting drug use (IDU; adjusted odds ratio, 16.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56 to 167.89; p < 0.01) was significantly associated with prevalent HCV infection. Conversion to HCV Ab positivity was observed in four of 384 included patients, with an incidence rate of 2.22 (95% CI, 0.60 to 5.80)/1,000 person-years (PYs); 164.89 (95% CI, 34.00 to 481.88)/1,000 PYs in patients with IDU, and 1.40 (95% CI, 0.35 to 7.79)/1,000 PYs in men who have sex with men who denied IDU. There was no significant increase in incidence rate of HCV in HIV-infected patients from 2009 to 2014 (p = 0.119). Among 19 patients who were positive for HCV RNA, genotype 1b (73%) was the most common following 2a/2c (20%). Conclusions: IDU was an independent risk factor for prevalent HCV infection. Prevalence of HCV infection was low and incidence of HCV infection was not significantly increased in HIV-infected patients in South Korea.
Abstract
Background/Aims: Increasing incidences of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex were reported in the United States and Europe. However, few studies regarding the epidemiology of HCV infection in HIV-infected patients in Asian countries have been reported. Methods: To determine the prevalence and incidence of HCV infection in HIV-infected patients, a retrospective cohort study was conducted. All HIV-infected patients who visited a tertiary care hospital in Korea from 2000 to 2013 were identified. Patients with ≥ 1 HCV antibody (Ab) test were included and observed until December 2014. Results: Among 996 HIV-infected patients, 790 patients (79%) had baseline HCV Ab tests and 41 (5.2%) were positive at baseline and four at follow-up. Experience of injecting drug use (IDU; adjusted odds ratio, 16.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56 to 167.89; p < 0.01) was significantly associated with prevalent HCV infection. Conversion to HCV Ab positivity was observed in four of 384 included patients, with an incidence rate of 2.22 (95% CI, 0.60 to 5.80)/1,000 person-years (PYs); 164.89 (95% CI, 34.00 to 481.88)/1,000 PYs in patients with IDU, and 1.40 (95% CI, 0.35 to 7.79)/1,000 PYs in men who have sex with men who denied IDU. There was no significant increase in incidence rate of HCV in HIV-infected patients from 2009 to 2014 (p = 0.119). Among 19 patients who were positive for HCV RNA, genotype 1b (73%) was the most common following 2a/2c (20%). Conclusions: IDU was an independent risk factor for prevalent HCV infection. Prevalence of HCV infection was low and incidence of HCV infection was not significantly increased in HIV-infected patients in South Korea.
참고문헌 (34)
- Fierer DS, "Rapid progression to decompensated cirrhosis, liver transplant, and death in HIV-infected men after primary hepatitis C virus infection", Clin Infect Dis, 56, pp.1038~1043 (2013)
- Sulkowski MS, "Hepatitis C in the HIV-infected person", Ann Intern Med, 138, pp.197~207 (2003)
- Berenguer J, "Sustained virological response to interferon plus ribavirin reduces liver-related complications and mortality in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus", Hepatology, 50, pp.407~413 (2009)
- "Guidelines for the Use of Antiretrovial Agents in HIV-1-infected Adults and Adolescents" (2014)[URL]
- Bani-Sadr F, "Persistently normal alanine aminotransferase levels in HIV", HCV-coinfected patients: the role of steatosis, 2009, pp.10, 417~421
- Kao JH, "Low incidence of hepatitis C virus transmission between spouses: a prospective study", J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 15, pp.391~395 (2000)
- Murphy EL, "Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection in United States blood donors. NHLBI Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS)", Hepatology, 31, pp.756~762 (2000)
- Rauch A, "Unsafe sex and increased incidence of hepatitis C virus infection among HIV-infected men who have sex with men: the Swiss HIV Cohort Study", Clin Infect Dis, 41, pp.395~402 (2005)
- Vandelli C, "Lack of evidence of sexual transmission of hepatitis C among monogamous couples: results of a 10-year prospective follow-up study", Am J Gastroenterol, 99, pp.855~859 (2004)
- Soto B, "Heterosexual transmission of hepatitis C virus and the possible role of coexistent human immunodeficiency virus infection in the index case: a multicentre study of 423 pairings", J Intern Med, 236, pp.515~519 (1994)
- Browne R, "Increased numbers of acute hepatitis C infections in HIV positive homosexual men: is sexual transmission feeding the increase?", Sex Transm Infect, 80, pp.326~327 (2004)
- Danta M, "Recent epidemic of acute hepatitis C virus in HIV-positive men who have sex with men linked to high-risk sexual behaviours", AIDS, 21, pp.983~991 (2007)
- Taylor LE, "Incident hepatitis C virus infection among US HIV-infected men enrolled in clinical trials", Clin Infect Dis, 52, pp.812~818 (2011)
- van de Laar TJ, "Increase in HCV incidence among men who have sex with men in Amsterdam most likely caused by sexual transmission", J Infect Dis, 196, pp.230~238 (2007)
- "European guidelines for treatment of HIV infected adults version 7.1" (2016)[URL]
- Nishijima T, "Incidence and risk factors for incident hepatitis C infection among men who have sex with men with HIV-1 infection in a large urban HIV clinic in Tokyo", J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 65, pp.213~217 (2014)
- Sun HY, "Recent hepatitis C virus infections in HIV-infected patients in Taiwan: incidence and risk factors", J Clin Microbiol, 50, pp.781~787 (2012)
- "1993 Revised classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults", MMWR Recomm Rep, 41(RR-17), pp.1~19 (1992)
- Garg S, "Prevalent and incident hepatitis C virus infection among HIV-infected men who have sex with men engaged in primary care in a Boston Community Health Center", Clin Infect Dis, 56, pp.1480~1487 (2013)
- Giraudon I, "Increase in diagnosed newly acquired hepatitis C in HIV-positive men who have sex with men across London and Brighton, 2002-2006: is this an outbreak?", Sex Transm Infect, 84, pp.111~115 (2008)
- Linas BP, "Cost-effective screening for acute hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected men who have sex with men", Clin Infect Dis, 55, pp.279~290 (2012)
- Kim do Y, "A nationwide seroepidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection in South Korea", Liver Int, 33, pp.586~594 (2013)
- 오덕자, "Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infections and Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes amongKorean Blood Donors", Annals of Laboratory Medicine, 32(3), pp.210~215 (2012), 대한진단검사의학회[DOI]
- 박상훈, "Efficacy and Tolerability of Peginterferon Alpha Plus Ribavirin in the Routine Daily Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Patients in Korea: A Multi-Center, Retrospective Observational Study", Gut and Liver, 6(1), pp.98~106 (2012), 거트앤리버 발행위원회
- Afdhal NH, "Hepatitis C pharmacogenetics: state of the art in 2010", Hepatology, 53, pp.336~345 (2011)
- Sulkowski MS, "HCV therapy in HIV-infected patients", Liver Int, 33(Suppl 1), pp.63~67 (2013)
- 정석후, "Efficacy of peginterferon and ribavirin is associated with the IL28B gene in Korean patients with chronic hepatitis C", Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, 18(4), pp.360~367 (2012), 대한간학회[DOI]
- Jung YK, "Role of interleukin 28B-related gene polymorphisms in chronic hepatitis C and the response to antiviral therapy in Koreans", J Clin Gastroenterol, 47, pp.644~650 (2013)
- 길호, "Role of Interleukin-28B Genetic Polymorphisms in Korean Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection", Gut and Liver, 8(1), pp.70~78 (2014), 거트앤리버 발행위원회
- Sulkowski MS, "Combination therapy with telaprevir for chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection in patients with HIV: a randomized trial", Ann Intern Med, 159, pp.86~96 (2013)
- Sulkowski M, "Boceprevir versus placebo with pegylated interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin for treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 1 in patients with HIV: a randomised, double-blind, controlled phase 2 trial", Lancet Infect Dis, 13, pp.597~605 (2013)
- Holmes JA, "Interferon-free combination therapies for the treatment of hepatitis C: current insights", Hepat Med, 7, pp.51~70 (2015)
- "Annual report on the notified HIV/AIDS in Korea 2014" (2014)[URL]
- "Annual report on the notified HIV/AIDS in Korea 2010" (2010)[URL]