Effects of a safflower tea supplement on antioxidative status and bone markers in postmenopausal women
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
We conducted this study to examine the effects of safflower seed granular tea containing physiologically active polyphenols on antioxidative activities and bone metabolism. Forty postmenopausal women ages 49 to 64-years were recruited from Daegu and Gyeongbuk and were randomly assigned to either a safflower tea supplement (Saf-tea) group (n = 27) or a placebo group (n = 13). The Saf-tea group received 20 g of safflower seed granule tea per day containing a 13% ethanol extract of defatted safflower seeds, whereas the placebo group received a similar type of tea that lacked the ethanol extract. No significant changes in nutrient intake for either the placebo or Saf-tea groups were observed before or after the study period, except vitamin A intake increased after 6 months in the Saf-tea group. Dietary phytoestrogen intakes were similar in the Saf-tea group (60.3 mg) and placebo group (52.5 mg). Significant increases in plasma genistein and enterolactone were observed in the Saf-tea group. After 6 months of supplementation, serum levels of antioxidant vitamins such as α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid increased significantly, and TBARS levels decreased in the Saf-tea group compared to the placebo group. Serum osteocalcin levels were reduced (P < 0.05) in the Saf-tea group after 6 months, whereas serum osteocalcin did not change in the placebo group. Urinary deoxypyridinoline/creatinine excretion was not different between the two groups at baseline, and did not change in either group after 6 months. Bone mineral density decreased significantly in the placebo group (P < 0.01) but not in the supplemented group. It was concluded that polyphenols (72 mg/day), including serotonin derivatives, in the Saf-tea had both antioxidant and potential bone protecting effects in postmenopausal women without liver toxicity.
Abstract
We conducted this study to examine the effects of safflower seed granular tea containing physiologically active polyphenols on antioxidative activities and bone metabolism. Forty postmenopausal women ages 49 to 64-years were recruited from Daegu and Gyeongbuk and were randomly assigned to either a safflower tea supplement (Saf-tea) group (n = 27) or a placebo group (n = 13). The Saf-tea group received 20 g of safflower seed granule tea per day containing a 13% ethanol extract of defatted safflower seeds, whereas the placebo group received a similar type of tea that lacked the ethanol extract. No significant changes in nutrient intake for either the placebo or Saf-tea groups were observed before or after the study period, except vitamin A intake increased after 6 months in the Saf-tea group. Dietary phytoestrogen intakes were similar in the Saf-tea group (60.3 mg) and placebo group (52.5 mg). Significant increases in plasma genistein and enterolactone were observed in the Saf-tea group. After 6 months of supplementation, serum levels of antioxidant vitamins such as α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid increased significantly, and TBARS levels decreased in the Saf-tea group compared to the placebo group. Serum osteocalcin levels were reduced (P < 0.05) in the Saf-tea group after 6 months, whereas serum osteocalcin did not change in the placebo group. Urinary deoxypyridinoline/creatinine excretion was not different between the two groups at baseline, and did not change in either group after 6 months. Bone mineral density decreased significantly in the placebo group (P < 0.01) but not in the supplemented group. It was concluded that polyphenols (72 mg/day), including serotonin derivatives, in the Saf-tea had both antioxidant and potential bone protecting effects in postmenopausal women without liver toxicity.
참고문헌 (43)
- Huh J, "Herbe, Dongeui Bogam, Vol. 3", pp.2763~ (1989), Seoul: Yeogang Publisher
- Kim JH, "Effects of diet of Korean safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed powder on bone tissue in rats during the recovery of rib fracture", J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 27, pp.698~704 (1998)
- Chung SY, "Effects of safflower seed on the fracture healing in rat tibia", Yakhak Hoeji, 43, pp.526~534 (1999)
- 이준영, "Antioxidative Flavonoids from Leaves of Carthamus tinctorius", Archives of Pharmacal Research, 25(3), pp.313~319 (2002), 대한약학회
- Seo HJ, "The effects of safflower seed powder and its fraction on bone tissue in rib-fractured rats during the recovery", Korean J Nutr, 33, pp.411~420 (2000)
- 김희정, "Bone-protecting effect of safflower seeds in ovariectomized rats", CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL, 71, pp.88~94 (2002), SPRINGER
- Sung-Hee Cho, "Effect of Ethanol Extract of Safflower Seed on Bone Loss inOvariectomized Rat", Food Science and Biotechnology, 16(3), pp.392~397 (2007), 한국식품과학회
- Kang GH, "Antioxidative activity of phenolic compounds in roasted safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.) seeds", pp.221~225 (1999), J Food Sci Nutr
- Ji-Hae Oh, "Antioxidant Properties and Quantification of Phenolic Compounds from Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Seeds", Food Science and Biotechnology, 16(1), pp.71~77 (2007), 한국식품과학회
- Eun Ok Kim, "Proliferative and Differentiative Effects of Trachelogenin Isolated from Germinated Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) Seeds on Calvarial Bone Cells", Food Science and Biotechnology, 18(3), pp.689~693 (2009), 한국식품과학회
- Kim JH, "Quality characteristic of drink and tea-bag processed with safflower seed powder", Korean J Postharvest Sci Technol, 7, pp.171~176 (2000)
- 김준한, "홍화씨 추출분말 함유 건강음료의 제조와 항산화성", 한국식품과학회지, 34(4), pp.617~624 (2002), 한국식품과학회
- 김준한, "탈지 홍화씨박 에탄올추출물 함유 기능성 건강음료의 제조", 한국식품영양과학회지, 32(7), pp.1039~1045 (2003), 한국식품영양과학회
- Cho SH, "Formulated product containing safflower seed extract improves lipid status of ovariectomized rats", Korean J Gerentol, 15, pp.39~46 (2005)
- 조성희, "Intake of dietary phytoestrogen and indices of antioxidant and bone metabolism of pre- and post-menopausal Korean women", Nutrition Research and Practice, 1(4), pp.305~312 (2007), 한국영양학회
- Bieri G, "Simultaneous determination of alpha-tocopherol in plasma or red blood cells by high pressure liquid chromatography", Am J Clin Nutr, 32, pp.2143~2149 (1979)
- Yagi K, "A simple fluorometric assay for lipoperoxide in blood plasma", Biochem Med, 15, pp.212~6 (1976)
- Tarpila S, "The effect of flaxseed supplementation in processed foods on serum fatty acids and enterolactone", Eur J Clin Nutr, 56, pp.157~165 (2002)
- Kuijsten A, "The relative bioavailbility of enterolignans in humans is enhanced by milling and crushing of flaxseed", pp.2812~2816 (2005), J Nutr
- 이다홍, "이소플라본 보충이 폐경 후 여성에서 골밀도와성 호르몬에 미치는 영향", 한국영양학회지, 35(8), pp.863~869 (2002), 한국영양학회
- Wu J, "Cooperative effects of isoflavones and exercise on bone and lipid metabolism in postmenopausal Japanese women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial", Metabolism, 55, pp.423~33 (2006)
- Dalais FS, "The effects of soy protein containing isoflavones on lipids and indices of bone resorption in postmenopausal women", Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 58, pp.704~709 (2003)
- Atkinson C, "The effects of phytoestrogen isoflavones on bone density in women: a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Am Sung-Hee Cho et al", J Clin Nutr, 79, pp.326~333 (2004)
- Potter SM, "Soy protein and isoflavones: their effects on blood lipids and bone density in postmenopausal women", Am J Clin Nutr, 68, pp.1375~1379 (1998)
- Clifton-Bligh PB, "The effect of isoflavones extracted from red clover (Rimostil) on lipid and bone metabolism", Menopause, 8, pp.259~265 (2001)
- Alekel DL, "Isoflavone-rich soy protein isolate attenuates bone loss in the lumbar spine of perimenopausal women", Am J Clin Nutr, 72, pp.844~852 (2000)
- Gallagher JC, "The effect of soy protein isolate on bone metabolism", Menopause, 11, pp.290~298 (2004)
- Lee BS, "The effect of isoflavone on serum lipid profiles and bone markers in postmenopausal women", J Korean Menopause Soc, 8, pp.59~66 (2002)
- ugi T, "Beneficial effects of soybean isoflavone supplementation on bone metabolism and serum lipids in postmenopausal Japanese women: A four-week study", J Am Coll Nutr, 21, pp.97~102 (2002)
- Lucas EA, "Flaxseed improves lipid profile without altering biomarkers of bone metabolism in postmenopausal women", J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 87, pp.1527~1532 (2002)
- Dodin S, "The effects of flaxseed dietary supplement on lipid profile, bone mineral density, and symptoms in menopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, wheat germ placebo-controlled clinical trial", J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 90, pp.1390~1397 (2005)
- Cornish SM, "A randomized controlled trial of the effects of flaxseed lignan complex on metabolic syndrome composite score and bone mineral in older adults", Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 34, pp.89~98 (2009)
- Ward WE, "Exposure to flaxseed and its purified lignan reduces bone strength in young but not older male rats", J Toxicol Environ Health A, 63, pp.53~65 (2001)
- Gustafsson BI, "Long-term serotonin administration leads to higher bone mineral density, affects bone architecture, and leads to higher femoral bone stiffness in rats", J Cell Biochem, 97, pp.1283~1291 (2006)
- Barnes S, "The biochemistry, chemistry and physiology of the isoflavones in soybeans and their food products", Lymphat Res Biol, 8, pp.89~98 (2010)
- Choi Y, "Dose response relationship of isoflavone supplementation on plasma lipid profiles and total antioxidant status in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women", Korean J Nutr, 34, pp.322~329 (2001)
- 이종호, "고지혈증인 폐경 후 여성에서 이소플라본 보충이 혈청 지질 농도 및 항산화능에 미치는 영향", 한국영양학회지, 36(6), pp.603~612 (2003), 한국영양학회
- Prasad K, "Reduction of serum cholesterol and hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis in rabbits by secoisolariciresinol diglucoside isolated from flaxseed", Circulation, 99, pp.1355~1362 (1999)
- Niemeyer HB, "Differences in the antioxidant activity of plant and mammalian lignans", J Food Eng, 56, pp.255~256 (2003)
- Cunnane SC, "Nutritional attributes of traditional flaxseed in healthy young adults", Am J Clin Nutr, 61, pp.62~68 (1995)
- Vanharanta M, "Association between low serum enterolactone and increased plasma F2-isoprostanes, a measure of lipid peroxidation", Atherosclerosis, 160, pp.465~469 (2002)
- Coulman KD, "Fatty acids and lignans in unground whole flaxseed and sesame seed are bioavailable but have minimal antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects in postmenopausal women", Mol Nutr Food Res, 53, pp.1366~1375 (2009)
- Hallund J, "A lignan complex isolated from flaxseed does not affect plasma lipid concentrations or antioxidant capacity in healthy postmenopausal women", J Nutr, 136, pp.112~116 (2006)