草庵茶以前의 日本茶文化構造에 대한 고찰 Ⅱ - 茶의 實用化와 茶文化를 中心으로 -

Abstract

Tea was drunk as a fancy beverage. However, the history of Japanese tea was divided into two branches when Eisai, a Zen priest, brought a tea in Japan : One branch considered tea as a fancy beverage and a ceremony was specially held for it. The other branch, the new formation, considered tea in practical context during entertainment. For the more people began to recognize tea's medicinal benefits, which widened tea's purposes. During the Heian era, tea had became more popular for its medicinal benefits than its fancy purpose as a beverage. As ordinary people had more and more access to tea, it was used in different context, such as competition, curation or entertainment. For example, tea was called Cha yoriai within the Toucha competition context. Tea still kept its medicinal benefits during ceremonies. The tea was first called Kencha, offered to a deity and Buddha, and then Zenincharei, used during a tea ceremony held in the Buddhist temple. Some common elements exist in both Zenincharei and Toucha : the ornament and the making of tea powder called Tencha. However, they developed into two different aspects. This development reflects the dual structure of the Japanese culture. Tea had converted itself into Zenincharei and Toucha, both considered as independent dual structures. The independent dual structure between Zenincharei and Toucha was the result during the Heian era of its separation to the simple dual structure of fancy beverage and medicinal use.