Bamboo salt attenuates CCl4-induced hepatic damage in Sprague-Dawley rats
1
조회
0
다운로드
5
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Bamboo salt, a Korean folk medicine, is prepared with solar salt (sea salt) and baked several times at high temperatures in a bamboo case. In this study, we compared the preventive effects of bamboo salt and purified and solar salts on hepatic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in Sprague-Dawley rats. Compared with purified and solar salts, bamboo salts prevented hepatic damage in rats, as evidenced by significantly reduced serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase (P < 0.05). Bamboo salt (baked 9×) triggered the greatest reduction in these enzyme levels. In addition, it also reduced the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-γ,and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Histopathological sections of liver tissue demonstrated the protective effect of bamboo salt, whereas sections from animals treated with the other salt groups showed a greater degree of necrosis. We also performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses of the inflammation-related genes iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β in rat liver tissues. Bamboo salt induced a significant decrease (~80%) in mRNA and protein expression levels of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-1β, compared with the other salts. Thus,we found that baked bamboo salt preparations could prevent CCl4-induced hepatic damage in vivo.
Abstract
Bamboo salt, a Korean folk medicine, is prepared with solar salt (sea salt) and baked several times at high temperatures in a bamboo case. In this study, we compared the preventive effects of bamboo salt and purified and solar salts on hepatic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in Sprague-Dawley rats. Compared with purified and solar salts, bamboo salts prevented hepatic damage in rats, as evidenced by significantly reduced serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase (P < 0.05). Bamboo salt (baked 9×) triggered the greatest reduction in these enzyme levels. In addition, it also reduced the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-γ,and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Histopathological sections of liver tissue demonstrated the protective effect of bamboo salt, whereas sections from animals treated with the other salt groups showed a greater degree of necrosis. We also performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses of the inflammation-related genes iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β in rat liver tissues. Bamboo salt induced a significant decrease (~80%) in mRNA and protein expression levels of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-1β, compared with the other salts. Thus,we found that baked bamboo salt preparations could prevent CCl4-induced hepatic damage in vivo.
참고문헌 (44)
- Hu C, "Evaluation of antioxidant and prooxidant activities of bamboo Phyllostachys nigra var. Henonis leaf extract in vitro", J Agric Food Chem, 48, pp.3170~3176 (2000)
- Shin HY, "Biological activity of bamboo salt", Food Ind Nutr, 9, pp.36~45 (2004)
- Shin HY, "Anti-inflammatory activity of Korean folk medicine purple bamboo salt", Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol, 25, pp.377~384 (2003)
- Cauwels A, "Survival of TNF toxicity: dependence on caspases and NO", Arch Biochem Biophys, 462, pp.132~139 (2007)
- Seitz HK, "Risk factors and mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis with special emphasis on alcohol and oxidative stress", Biol Chem, 387, pp.349~360 (2006)
- Rechnagel RO, "Carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity: an example of lethal cleavage", CRC Crit Rev Toxicol, 2, pp.263~297 (1973)
- Weber LW, "Hepatotoxicity and mechanism of action of haloalkanes: carbon tetrachloride as a toxicological model", Crit Rev Toxicol, 33, pp.105~136 (2003)
- Raoul JL, "Relationship between baseline hepatic status and outcome, and effect of sorafenib on liver function: SHARP trial subanalyses", J Hepatol, 56, pp.1080~1088 (2012)
- Pal M, "Studies on comparative efficacy of α-linolenic acid and α-eleostearic acid on prevention of organic mercuryinduced oxidative stress in kidney and liver of rat", Food Chem Toxicol, 50, pp.1066~1072 (2012)
- Small DM, "Cytochrome c: potential as a noninvasive biomarker of drug-induced acute kidney injury", Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol, 8, pp.655~664 (2012)
- Ramadori G, "Cytokines in the liver", Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 13, pp.777~784 (2001)
- Diehl AM, "Cytokine regulation of liver injury and repair", Immunol Rev, 174, pp.160~171 (2000)
- Suliburk JW, "Ketamine attenuates liver injury attributed to endotoxemia: role of cyclooxygenase-2", Surgery, 138, pp.134~140 (2005)
- Park CM, "TOP1 and 2, polysaccharides from Taraxacum officinale, attenuate CCl4-induced hepatic damage through the modulation of NF-κB and its regulatory mediators", Food Chem Toxicol, 48, pp.1255~1261 (2010)
- Zhao X, "Purple bamboo salt has anticancer activity in TCA8113 cells in vitro and preventive effects on buccal mucosa cancer in mice in vivo", Exp Ther Med, 5, pp.549~554 (2013)
- Xin Zhao, "Bamboo Salt Has In Vitro Anticancer Activity in HCT-116 Cells and Exerts Anti-Metastatic Effects In Vivo", Journal of Medicinal Food, 16(1), pp.9~19 (2013), 한국식품영양과학회
- Delić R, "Optimal laboratory panel for predicting preeclampsia", J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 23, pp.96~102 (2010)
- Li R, "Hepatoprotective action of Radix Paeoniae Rubra aqueous extract against CCl4- induced hepatic damage", Molecules, 16, pp.8684~8694 (2011)
- Ranawat L, "Hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extracts of bark of Zanthoxylum armatum DC in CCl4 induced hepatic damage in rats", J Ethnopharmacol, 127, pp.777~780 (2010)
- Surendran S, "In vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective activity of Cissampelos pareira against carbon-tetrachloride induced hepatic damage", Indian J Exp Biol, 49, pp.939~945 (2011)
- Karppanen H, "Sodium intake and hypertension", Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 49, pp.59~75 (2006)
- Raju K, "Effect of dried fruits of solanum nigrum LINN against CCl4-induced hepatic damage in rats", Biol Pharm Bull, 26, pp.1618~1619 (2003)
- Segner WP, "Effect of sodium chloride and pH on the outgrowth of spores of type E Clostridium botulinum at optimal and suboptimal temperatures", Appl Microbiol, 14, pp.49~54 (1966)
- 조흔, "죽염의 알칼리성 및 항산화 효과", 한국식품영양과학회지, 41(9), pp.1301~1304 (2012), 한국식품영양과학회
- Tong Y, "Study on sensitive indexes of acute liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride", Chin J Food Hyg, 12, pp.10~11 (2000)
- Wang MY, "Hepatic protection by noni fruit juice against CCl4-induced chronic liver damage in female SD rats", Plant Foods Hum Nutr, 63, pp.141~145 (2008)
- Ridker PM, "Inflammation, pravastatin, and the risk of coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) Investigators", Circulation, 98, pp.839~844 (1998)
- Gratacós J, "Serum cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ) in ankylosing spondylitis: a close correlation between serum IL-6 and disease activity and severity", Br J Rheumatol, 33, pp.927~931 (1994)
- Wang JY, "Detection of serum TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-8 in patients with hepatitis B", World J Gastroenterol, 5, pp.38~40 (1999)
- Toth B, "Insights into the role of interleukin-6 in the induction of hepatic injury after trauma-hemorrhagic shock", J Appl Physiol, 97, pp.2184~2189 (2004)
- Knight B, "Interferon-γ exacerbates liver damage, the hepatic progenitor cell response and fibrosis in a mouse model of chronic liver injury", J Hepatol, 47, pp.826~833 (2007)
- Bradham CA, "Mechanisms of hepatic toxicity. I. TNF-induced liver injury", Am J Physiol, 275, pp.G387~G392 (1998)
- Schümann J, "Pathophysiological mechanisms of TNF during intoxication with natural or man-made toxins", Toxicology, 138, pp.103~126 (1999)
- Girish C, "Hepatoprotective activity of six polyherbal formulations in CCl4- induced liver toxicity in mice", Indian J Exp Biol, 47, pp.257~263 (2009)
- Manjrekar AP, "Effect of Phyllanthus niruri Linn. treatment on liver, kidney and testes in CCl4 induced hepatotoxic rats", Indian J Exp Biol, 46, pp.514~520 (2008)
- Xin Zhao, "Antioxidation and Cancer Cell (HT-29) Antiproliferation Effects of Rubus coreanus Miquel Bamboo Salt", 대한암예방학회지, 15(4), pp.306~312 (2010), 대한암예방학회
- Halliwell B, "Antioxidants: the basics-what they are and how to evaluate them", Adv Pharmacol, 38, pp.3~20 (1997)
- 조흔, "소금의 보돌연변이 및 암세포성장억제 효과", 한국식품영양과학회지, 41(1), pp.26~32 (2012), 한국식품영양과학회
- Karlsen M, "Bromelain treatment leads to maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells but cannot replace PGE2 in a cocktail of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2", Scand J Immunol, 74, pp.135~143 (2011)
- Nan B, "Effects of TNF-α and curcumin on the expression of thrombomodulin and endothelial protein C receptor in human endothelial cells", Thromb Res, 115, pp.417~426 (2005)
- Mills PR, "Assessment of nutritional status and in vivo immune responses in alcoholic liver disease", Am J Clin Nutr, 38, pp.849~859 (1983)
- Long RG, "Clinical, biochemical, and histological studies of osteomalacia, osteoporosis, and parathyroid function in chronic liver disease", Gut, 19, pp.85~90 (1978)
- Yunoki H, "Magnesium metabolism in liver disease", Gastroenterol Jpn, 5, pp.70~ (1970)