Protective effect of resveratrol on arsenic trioxide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Arsenic, which causes human carcinogenicity, is ubiquitous in the environment. This study wasdesigned to evaluate modulation of arsenic induced cancer by resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in vegetal dietary sources thathas antioxidant and chemopreventive properties, in arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)-induced Male Wistar rats. MATERIALS/METHODS: Adult rats received 3 mg/kg As₂O₃(intravenous injection, iv.) on alternate days for 4 days. Resveratrol(8 mg/kg) was administered (iv.) 1 h before As₂O₃treatment. The plasma and homogenization enzymes associated with oxidativestress of rat kidneys were measured, the kidneys were examined histologically and trace element contents were assessed. RESULTS: Rats treated with As₂O₃had significantly higher oxidative stress and kidney arsenic accumulation; however, pretreatmentwith resveratrol reversed these changes. In addition, prior to treatment with resveratrol resulted in lower blood urea nitrogen,creatinine and insignificant renal tubular epithelial cell necrosis. Furthermore, the presence of resveratrol preserved the seleniumcontent (0.805 ± 0.059 μg/g) of kidneys in rats treated with As₂O₃. However, resveratrol had no effect on zinc level in thekidney relative toAs₂O₃-treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that supplementation with resveratrol alleviated nephrotoxicity by improving antioxidant capacityand arsenic efflux. These findings suggest that resveratrol has the potential to protect against kidney damage in populationsexposed to arsenic.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Arsenic, which causes human carcinogenicity, is ubiquitous in the environment. This study wasdesigned to evaluate modulation of arsenic induced cancer by resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in vegetal dietary sources thathas antioxidant and chemopreventive properties, in arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)-induced Male Wistar rats. MATERIALS/METHODS: Adult rats received 3 mg/kg As₂O₃(intravenous injection, iv.) on alternate days for 4 days. Resveratrol(8 mg/kg) was administered (iv.) 1 h before As₂O₃treatment. The plasma and homogenization enzymes associated with oxidativestress of rat kidneys were measured, the kidneys were examined histologically and trace element contents were assessed. RESULTS: Rats treated with As₂O₃had significantly higher oxidative stress and kidney arsenic accumulation; however, pretreatmentwith resveratrol reversed these changes. In addition, prior to treatment with resveratrol resulted in lower blood urea nitrogen,creatinine and insignificant renal tubular epithelial cell necrosis. Furthermore, the presence of resveratrol preserved the seleniumcontent (0.805 ± 0.059 μg/g) of kidneys in rats treated with As₂O₃. However, resveratrol had no effect on zinc level in thekidney relative toAs₂O₃-treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that supplementation with resveratrol alleviated nephrotoxicity by improving antioxidant capacityand arsenic efflux. These findings suggest that resveratrol has the potential to protect against kidney damage in populationsexposed to arsenic.
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