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Antioxidative effects of fermented sesame sauce against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage in LLC-PK1 porcine renal tubule cells

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of fermentedsesame sauce (FSeS) against hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced oxidative damage in renal proximal tubule LLC-PK1 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical (•OH), and H₂O₂scavenging assay was used toevaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of FSeS. To investigate the cytoprotective effect of FSeS against H₂O₂-induced oxidativedamage in LLC-PK1 cells, the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and endogenous antioxidantenzymes including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) were measured. RESULTS: The ability of FSeS to scavenge DPPH, •OH and H₂O₂was greater than that of FSS and AHSS. FSeS also significantlyinhibited H₂O₂-induced (500 μM) oxidative damage in the LLC-PK1 cells compared to FSS and AHSS (P < 0.05). Following treatmentwith 100 μg/mL of FSeS and FSS to prevent H2O2-induced oxidation, cell viability increased from 56.7% (control) to 83.7%and 75.6%, respectively. However, AHSS was not able to reduce H₂O₂-induced cell damage (viability of the AHSS-treated cellswas 54.6%). FSeS more effectively suppressed H₂O₂-induced ROS generation and lipid peroxidation compared to FSS and AHSS(P < 0.05). Compared to the other sauces, FSeS also significantly increased cellular CAT, SOD, and GSH-px activities and mRNAexpression (P < 0.05). CONCULUSIONS: These results from the present study suggest that FSeS is an effective radical scavenger and protects against H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage in LLC-PK1 cells by reducing ROS levels, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and stimulating antioxidantenzyme activity.

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of fermentedsesame sauce (FSeS) against hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced oxidative damage in renal proximal tubule LLC-PK1 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical (•OH), and H₂O₂scavenging assay was used toevaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of FSeS. To investigate the cytoprotective effect of FSeS against H₂O₂-induced oxidativedamage in LLC-PK1 cells, the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and endogenous antioxidantenzymes including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) were measured. RESULTS: The ability of FSeS to scavenge DPPH, •OH and H₂O₂was greater than that of FSS and AHSS. FSeS also significantlyinhibited H₂O₂-induced (500 μM) oxidative damage in the LLC-PK1 cells compared to FSS and AHSS (P < 0.05). Following treatmentwith 100 μg/mL of FSeS and FSS to prevent H2O2-induced oxidation, cell viability increased from 56.7% (control) to 83.7%and 75.6%, respectively. However, AHSS was not able to reduce H₂O₂-induced cell damage (viability of the AHSS-treated cellswas 54.6%). FSeS more effectively suppressed H₂O₂-induced ROS generation and lipid peroxidation compared to FSS and AHSS(P < 0.05). Compared to the other sauces, FSeS also significantly increased cellular CAT, SOD, and GSH-px activities and mRNAexpression (P < 0.05). CONCULUSIONS: These results from the present study suggest that FSeS is an effective radical scavenger and protects against H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage in LLC-PK1 cells by reducing ROS levels, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and stimulating antioxidantenzyme activity.

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