Effect of Timing of Ethephon Treatment on the Formation of Female Flowers and Seeds from Male Plant of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)
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Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a dioecious plant, although monoecious plants are bred in some cultivars for fiberor seed production. Recently, hemp has received attention for medicinal use with some cannabinoids, including cannabidiol. Self-fertilization for breeding inbred lines is difficult because of dioeciousness and anemophily in hemp. This experimentwas conducted to develop a self-fertilization method by forming female flowers and seeds from male plants of dioecioushemp. To induce the formation of female flowers on male plants, 500 ㎎ L-1 of ethephon was sprayed on plants at soon,seven and fourteen days after primordia formation. The plant ratio of female flowers formation and the number of harvestedseeds were increased by ethephon treatment. Female flowers of male plants have 5 stigmas in contrast to the dual stigma offemale 1plants. Male plant seeds were lighter and smaller than those from female plants. Although the germination rate waslower than that of normal seeds from female plants, the seeds from male plants germinated to grow seedlings. Thus, wesuggest that hemp plants should be treated with ethephon at soon after primordia formation to induce the formation of morefemale flowers on the male plants.
Abstract
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a dioecious plant, although monoecious plants are bred in some cultivars for fiberor seed production. Recently, hemp has received attention for medicinal use with some cannabinoids, including cannabidiol. Self-fertilization for breeding inbred lines is difficult because of dioeciousness and anemophily in hemp. This experimentwas conducted to develop a self-fertilization method by forming female flowers and seeds from male plants of dioecioushemp. To induce the formation of female flowers on male plants, 500 ㎎ L-1 of ethephon was sprayed on plants at soon,seven and fourteen days after primordia formation. The plant ratio of female flowers formation and the number of harvestedseeds were increased by ethephon treatment. Female flowers of male plants have 5 stigmas in contrast to the dual stigma offemale 1plants. Male plant seeds were lighter and smaller than those from female plants. Although the germination rate waslower than that of normal seeds from female plants, the seeds from male plants germinated to grow seedlings. Thus, wesuggest that hemp plants should be treated with ethephon at soon after primordia formation to induce the formation of morefemale flowers on the male plants.
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