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이란 하우라만의 지역형 모스크와 반유목민의 건축 전통

Vernacular Mosque and Semi-nomadic Architectural Tradition in the Hawraman Area of Iran

최남섭
아시아연구소|2024.12|아시아리뷰 (Asia Review)|제14권 제3호|pp. 269-310|DOI https://doi.org/10.24987/SNUACAR.2024.12.14.3.269

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참고문헌

키워드

이란 하우라만 지역지역형 모스크반유목민의 돌집목조 기둥과 주두 장식동영지의 기념비 전통이슬람의 지역적 번안Hawraman Area of IranVernacular MosqueSemi-nomadic Stone HouseDecoration of Wooden Column and CapitalMonumental Tradition of the Winter QuarterRegional Adaptation of Islam
주제분류사회과학일반

초록

이 연구는 이란 하우라만 지역에서 반유목민들이 산간건축 전통을 이슬람적으로 번안해 만든 지역형 모스크의 기념비적특성을 탐구한다. 이를 위해 하우라만에 이슬람이 정착한 과정과 모스크가 탄생한 배경을 먼저 살폈고, 이어서 거주민들이 계절과 지역별로 다르게 사용한 두 가지 지붕형식의 특성을 확인했으며, 그중에 흙지붕 돌집 구조를 확장해서 만든 모스크가 상대적 크기로 존재감을 드러내고 예배실의 목조 기둥과 주두를 장식해 권위를 표출하는 특성을 분석했다. 여기에더해 이곳의 계절별 생활을 살펴서 거주 공동체의 노동력을 동원할 수 있는 동영지에서만 모스크를 사용한 이유도 밝혔으며, 이슬람의 건축 지침과 대규모 공공시설의 기념비 전통을 접목한 지역형 모스크의 건축적 의미도 규명했다.

Abstract

This study investigates the monumental characteristics of vernacular mosques in the Hawraman area of Iran, where semi-nomadic communities have adapted the mountainous architectural tradition to Islamic forms. It examines the historical context surrounding the construction of the mosques, identifies the distinctive characteristics of the permanent and temporary roof types used seasonally and regionally by the semi- nomadic people, and focuses on permanently roofed mosques as well, which express their inward authority through the decoration of the wooden columns and capitals in the prayer space that was expanded to accommodate the religious facilities. Additionally, this research explores the exclusive use of mosques in the winter quarters where collective labor was utilized, and highlights the architectural significance of these mosques in merging Islamic principles with the local monumental traditions of large- scale public buildings.

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