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서북공정의 의미와 주요내용

The meaning and essentials of North-west Project

허종국
사단법인 한국민족연구원 (Korea Research Center of Ethnology)|2012.12|민족연구 (Minjok Yeonku)|제52호|pp. 35-60

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참고문헌

키워드

Chinese nationNorth-west Projectpluralistic unity of the Chinese nation
주제분류기타사회과학

초록

This paper is to study the meaning and essential contents of North-west Project. A demand for the independence of Xinjiang Uyghur from China and the forfeiture of Chinese prestige emerged as one of the major national issues in China at the beginning of the 21st century. China desired to be able to refuse their demands for the independence and needed something like a symbol that is able to show their prestige. Although China does not officially employ the term which is called North-west Project, the nation has promote the establishment of orthodoxes for its history and geography etc. through 'the study on the history and current circumstances of Xinjiang' and the projects which are named ‘the project of Xinjiang’ and ‘the history of Xinjiang’ that are lead by Research Center For Chinese Borderland History and Geography. However, the original causes for a demand and conflicts for the independence of Xinjiang Uyghurs are in the historical and structural aspects, and the reason is that their national identity is also not based on 'Chinese People'. Therefore, 'North-West Project' in the broad meaning represents a general term for all sorts of efforts in order to establish the legitimacy of ‘Chinese nation' and contains orthodoxes of racial origin, history and culture as essential contents. In addition, the establishment of those orthodoxes is based on the theory of 'pluralistic unity of the Chinese nation'The objectives that North-West Project is pursuing are 'the prevention of separatism' and 'the striving of long-term stabilization, which is in accord with the ethnic policy regarding the Xinjiang region of China. In order to prevent the activities of separatists, China releases the internal and external various policies of the nation. In addition, The economic development and relational improvement of Xinjiang and the central Asian countries are realistically the policies which can promote the development of Xinjiang, but on the other hand, it can not be excluded that the aspects of the natural assimilation phenomenon are in progress while the result in the great immigration of the Han race is being caused. With North-West Project, there has been a debate in China which is concerned with the cancelation of 'self-governing' policy. It is generating anxieties for it might be able to politically cause dispute about the issues of minor ethnic groups in the western areas.

Abstract

This paper is to study the meaning and essential contents of North-west Project. A demand for the independence of Xinjiang Uyghur from China and the forfeiture of Chinese prestige emerged as one of the major national issues in China at the beginning of the 21st century. China desired to be able to refuse their demands for the independence and needed something like a symbol that is able to show their prestige. Although China does not officially employ the term which is called North-west Project, the nation has promote the establishment of orthodoxes for its history and geography etc. through 'the study on the history and current circumstances of Xinjiang' and the projects which are named ‘the project of Xinjiang’ and ‘the history of Xinjiang’ that are lead by Research Center For Chinese Borderland History and Geography. However, the original causes for a demand and conflicts for the independence of Xinjiang Uyghurs are in the historical and structural aspects, and the reason is that their national identity is also not based on 'Chinese People'. Therefore, 'North-West Project' in the broad meaning represents a general term for all sorts of efforts in order to establish the legitimacy of ‘Chinese nation' and contains orthodoxes of racial origin, history and culture as essential contents. In addition, the establishment of those orthodoxes is based on the theory of 'pluralistic unity of the Chinese nation'The objectives that North-West Project is pursuing are 'the prevention of separatism' and 'the striving of long-term stabilization, which is in accord with the ethnic policy regarding the Xinjiang region of China. In order to prevent the activities of separatists, China releases the internal and external various policies of the nation. In addition, The economic development and relational improvement of Xinjiang and the central Asian countries are realistically the policies which can promote the development of Xinjiang, but on the other hand, it can not be excluded that the aspects of the natural assimilation phenomenon are in progress while the result in the great immigration of the Han race is being caused. With North-West Project, there has been a debate in China which is concerned with the cancelation of 'self-governing' policy. It is generating anxieties for it might be able to politically cause dispute about the issues of minor ethnic groups in the western areas.

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