『慵齋叢話』에 나타난 民俗 硏究

Abstract

『Yongjaechonghwa(慵齋叢話)』 is written by Sung Hyun(1439~1504), one of representative writers of the early Joseon Dynasty. This book is the notes dealing with overall social cultures such as folklore, civilization and institutions, history, geography, anecdotes, religions, music, and paintings and calligraphic works. In particular, folklore is regarded as the valuable material of folklore study of the early Joseon Dynasty. Therefore, this writer discussed about folklore, especially focusing on delivery ceremony, wedding, funeral rites, ancestral rituals, seasonal customs, and folk games. The comprehensive results of this study are as follows. Regarding the ceremony(儀禮), Gwonchojirye(捲草之禮) was the only delivery ceremony and regarded as the important material. It seems to be performed in a Royal family until the late Joseon Dynasty. Wedding was very luxurious, funeral rites didn't follow Jujagarai(朱子家禮), and ancestral rituals were based on Confucian ancestral rites but were not completely fixed and probably performed by mixing the custom and Buddhist style. Annual cyclic rites(歲時風俗) were categorized into spring, summer, fall, and winter and examined, and particularly the origin and creation process of yakban(Sweet Rice with Nuts and Korean Dates 藥飯] eaten in the first full moon of the lunar year, the transformation of custom, Whajo(a full-moon day in Feb. of the lunar year 花朝), Hogi(花朝) of Buddha's Birthday, eho (mugwort-tiger shape艾虎) with apotropaic meaning in Dano(the fifth day of the fifth month of the year according to the lunar calendar 端午), Guna ceremony(驅儺儀式) in New Year's Eve were emphasized. As to a folk game, the origin of Cheoyong play and creation of Cheoyong-gamu in Cheoyong-whi(處容戱), as well as events at court were recorded in detail, so it was considered as important material. In addition, setting off fireworks in case of a beacon fire and inserting Naryehui(a ceremony on the Late day of year) seem to be due to the perception of Chukyeokbyeoksa(逐疫辟邪). Besides, SungbulDo(Buddhahood drawings(成佛圖), JonghungDo(從政圖), and JaksungDo(作聖圖) were worthy of notice. According to the above results, 『Yongjaechonghwa(慵齋叢話)』 recorded the then custom, ceremony, seasonal customs, and folk games, so it is a valuable literature material to show the folklore in its day. Therefore, 『Yongjaechonghwa(慵齋叢話)』 was highly appreciated as a representative folklore-related literature material of the early Joseon Dynasty.