淸末新政 시기 滿漢葛藤과 군주입헌론의 굴절 - 관제개혁에 따른 군주이미지의 변화에 주목하여 -
Policies for Manchus & Han Ethnic Relations and the Bureaucracy Reformation in the End of the Late Qing Dynasty - Focusing on Duan Fang and Yuan Shi-kai -
0
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
There are two main parts in this article. First, the period of “prepare to constitute” contradictions inner the ethnic relations. Second, the period of Xuantong(宣統), the political struggle of the inner part group of government. About the ethnic relations and the bureaucracy reformation in the late Qing Dynasty, Duan Fang(端方) and Yuan Shi-kai(袁世凱) were very important officials. In the late Qing Dynasty, with the intensification of contradictions between Manchu and Han race, “anti-Manchu”(排滿) was the slogan of the revolutionaries for winning the support of the public opinion. Fully recognizing the serious harm existing in these contradictions, Duan Fang and Yuan Shi-kai, as very important officials with the revolutionary thought in the late Qing Dynasty, made contributions to the national unity by putting forward the systematic suggestions in order to “eliminate differences between Manchus and Han”(平滿漢畛域). And the bureaucracy reformation inevitably gave rise to complex contradiction, conflict and antithesis among all political forces because it related to not only the redistribution of power but also all officials immediate interest.
Abstract
There are two main parts in this article. First, the period of “prepare to constitute” contradictions inner the ethnic relations. Second, the period of Xuantong(宣統), the political struggle of the inner part group of government. About the ethnic relations and the bureaucracy reformation in the late Qing Dynasty, Duan Fang(端方) and Yuan Shi-kai(袁世凱) were very important officials. In the late Qing Dynasty, with the intensification of contradictions between Manchu and Han race, “anti-Manchu”(排滿) was the slogan of the revolutionaries for winning the support of the public opinion. Fully recognizing the serious harm existing in these contradictions, Duan Fang and Yuan Shi-kai, as very important officials with the revolutionary thought in the late Qing Dynasty, made contributions to the national unity by putting forward the systematic suggestions in order to “eliminate differences between Manchus and Han”(平滿漢畛域). And the bureaucracy reformation inevitably gave rise to complex contradiction, conflict and antithesis among all political forces because it related to not only the redistribution of power but also all officials immediate interest.
참고문헌 (44)
- 민두기, "신해혁명사-중국의 공화혁명(1903-1913)", pp.1~334 (1994), 민음사
- 허우이제, "중국의 마지막 황제-원세개", pp.1~360 (2000), 지호출판사
- 레지널드 존스턴, "자금성의 황혼", pp.1~221 (2008), 돌베개
- 마크 C. 엘리엇, "만주족의 청제국", pp.1~763 (2009), 푸른역사
- 임계순, "청말 滿漢關係에 대한 고찰", 명청사연구, 10, pp.53~87 (1999)
- 김형종, "서평: Edward J. M. Rhoads, Manchus & Han..", 중국근현대사연구, 11, pp.105~110 (2001)
- 피터윤, "만주족의 정체성과 ‘한화’(漢化)이론에 대한 서구 학계의 신간 소개", 만주연구, 2, pp.173~182 (2005)
- 이영옥, "청말 만주족 지위하락과 반만정서", 중국근현대사연구, (39), pp.1~23 (2008), 중국근현대사학회
- 葉高樹, "최근 10년(1998-2008)간 대만의 淸史연구 동향", 이화사학연구, (37), pp.75~137 (2008), 이화사학연구소
- 조세현, "淸末新政 시기 五大臣出洋과 군주입헌론의 전개 - 端方을 중심으로", 동북아 문화연구, 1(19), pp.23~48 (2009), 동북아시아문화학회
- 中國史學會, "中國近代史資料叢刊 辛亥革命(四)", pp.1~102 (1957), 上海人民出版社
- 沈雲龍, "端忠敏公奏稿(6) (近代中國史料叢刊 正編, 第十集)", pp.635~848 (1966), 臺灣文海出版社
- 故宮博物院明淸檔案部, "淸末籌備立憲檔案史料 (上․下冊)", pp.1~1074 (1979), 中華書局
- 費正淸, "劍橋中國晩淸史 (下冊)", pp.436~477 (1985), 中國社會科學出版社
- 侯宜杰, "二十世紀中國政治改革風潮-淸末立憲運動史", pp.1~106 (1993), 人民出版社
- 陶緖, "淸民族主義思潮", pp.195~235 (1995), 人民出版社
- 馮客, "近代中國之種族觀念", pp.90~114 (1999), 江蘇人民出版社
- 王人博, "中國近代憲政思潮硏究", 박사, pp.2001
- 鄭曦原, "帝國的回憶", pp.1~469 (2001), 三聯書店
- 常書紅, "辛亥革命前後的滿族硏究", 박사, pp.2003
- 李細珠, "張之洞與淸末新政硏究", pp.1~397 (2003), 上海書店出版社
- 趙雲田, "淸末新政硏究-20世紀初的中國邊疆", pp.71~139 (2003), 黑龍江敎育出版社
- 徐爽, "1901-1911: 舊王朝與新制度-淸末立憲改革述論", 박사, pp.2006
- 李約翰, "淸帝遜位與列强(1908-1912)", pp.1~470 (2006), 江蘇敎育出版社
- 張海林, "端方與淸末新政", pp.1~577 (2007), 南京大學出版社
- 張硏, "1908帝國往事", pp.1~305 (2007), 重慶出版社
- 金滿樓, "帝國的凋零-晩淸的最後十年", pp.1~307 (2008), 江西敎育出版社
- 李剛, "大淸帝國最後十年-淸末新政始末", pp.1~289 (2008), 當代中國出版社
- 朱英, "清末新政与清朝统治的灭亡", 近代史研究, (2), pp.76~94 (1995)
- 劉高葆, "端方與淸末豫備立憲", 學術硏究, (6), pp.1~4 (1996)
- 遅雲飛, "端方與淸末憲政" (1997), 中華書局
- 遅雲飛, "淸末最後十年的平滿漢畛域問題", 近代史硏究, (5), pp.21~44 (2001)
- 馬先彦, "淸末民初民族融合思潮考略", 貴州民族硏究, (4), pp.93~99 (2002)
- 王淑娟, "1901-1907年淸末中央官制改革的影響", 唐山師範學院學報, (1), pp.61~63 (2003)
- 翟海濤, "端方與淸末的滿漢政策", 江南社會學院學報, (1), pp.1~4 (2003)
- 梁嚴冰, "袁世凱與淸末官制改革", 河南師範大學學報, (2), pp.82~86 (2004)
- 冀滿紅, "袁世凱幕府與淸末立憲", 晋陽學刊, (1), pp.81~85 (2005)
- 范鐵權, "端方硏究的回顧與思考", 歷史敎學, (7), pp.72~75 (2006)
- 王開璽, "淸末滿漢官僚與滿漢民族意識簡論", 社會科學輯刊, (6), pp.61~71 (2006)
- 范鐵權 瀋崇, "端方硏究的回顧與思考", 歷史敎學, (7), pp.72~75 (2006)
- 田東奎, "淸末立憲中的滿族因素", 政法論壇, (5), pp.117~127 (2006)
- 李學智, "淸末政治改革中的滿漢民族因素", 天津師範大學學報, (5) (2007)
- 張繼格, "試析淸末化除滿漢畛域原因", 江蘇科技大學學報, (2) (2007)
- Edward J.M.Rhoads, "Manchus & Han: Ethnic Relations and Political Power in Late Qing and Early Republic China, 1861-1928", pp.1~394 (2000), University of Washington Press