고구려 덕흥리 고분벽화에 나타난 두발형태에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the hairstyles depicted in the wall paintings of the Deokheung-ri Ancient Tomb of Goguryeo to explore the hair fashion and aesthetic values of ancient Korea. Drawing on existing literature, previous research, and online sources, the study identified figures whose hairstyles were clearly visible and classifiable. These figures were analyzed by gender and social class to uncover hairstyle characteristics. The findings are as follows: First, among the figures, 131 were male and 18 were female, showing a significant predominance of male depictions. Of the male figures, 31 belonged to the ruling class, while 100 men and all 18 women were categorized as members of the subordinate class. Second, male hairstyles and accessories included ragwan, chaek, geon, tugu, ssangsangtu meori, and mukeun jungbal meori. Third, female hairstyles included jangsikgogye, eonjeun meori, ssangsangtu meori, and samsangtu meori. The results suggest that male hairstyles were more elaborate and showed variation according to social class, indicating a clearer distinction in male status representation. Although women’s hairstyles were relatively simpler, the range from the basic eonjeun meorito the more intricate jangsikgogye demonstrates a refined aesthetic sensibility. Overall, the mural paintings of the Deokheung-ri tomb reflect the advanced hair culture and aesthetic awareness of Goguryeo society. Hair shapes and decorations are believed to have played a role in distinguishing and maintaining social order such as gender ratio, social class, and marital status in addition to cultural elemental and decorative functions. Limitations in data interpretation are raised due to the thinning of ancient murals, limitations in literature data, deviations in data records, and different views for each researcher