한-중남미 산림분야 국제협력 방향 연구 - 노르웨이와 일본의 대 브라질 산림협력 분석을 기반으로-

Abstract

In this paper, we are trying to derive the forests cooperative measures of Latin America and South Korea. For this, we examined the current state of international forest cooperation with Latin American countries including the Brazil. The changes in forest management worldwide can be summarized in three categories: "climate change", "combating desertification" and "biodiversity management". And three of these, which have been discussed 20 years ago. It is necessary to promote business supporting Biosphere protection, biodiversity, natural heritage taking into account the environmental characteristics of Latin America. In total bilateral ODA expenditure, Japan (40%) and Norway (27%) are leading forestry cooperation countries. It is hard to explain the reason why the two countries have largely invested in the forestry cooperation in terms of their economy(GDP), carbon dioxide emissions and imports volume of timber. Rather, the special ODA goal set by the these countries can be a way to find out the direction and scale of investment through ODA. Japanese ODA deals with worldwide problems as its primary task, including environmental conservation, pollution reduction, sustainable development and more. Norway, through International Climate and Forest Initiative (NICFI), is the biggest donor that has been supporting REDD+. This country has also been highly active in FCPF, the UN REDD-programme, the FIP and the CBFF, preparing for REDD+ payments for the future. Besides, Norway established bilateral REDD+ partnerships with Brazil, Indonesia, Guiana, Ethiopia, Tanzania and Mexico. When it comes to forestry cooperation between Korea and Central and South America, the case of Norway can be applied to Korea in order to establish specific goals. It is needed to take a macroscopic view such as climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation rather than an existing narrow view such as cooperation for the timber industry and activities against forest fires. In addition, there is a need for our country to construct cooperation fund in leading or to participate in the existing funds, And also, it requires to actively take cooperation strategy with Latin America regional development banks like Inter-American Development Bank(IDB), Corporacion Andina de Fomento(CAF), etc. Moreover, It's conceivable measures that expand the triangular cooperation and induce the participation of moved companies developing countries such as Brazil, Chile, and Mexico and the region that have accumulated the experience of development in Latin America.