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Endoscopic diagnosis of gastric metastases from malignant melanoma: systematic review

Helena Campoli Reggiani|Ana Clara Aguiar Pongeluppi|Vitória Froes Miraglia Martins Ferreira|Isadora Pinheiro Felix|Paulo Moacir de Oliveira Campoli
대한소화기내시경학회 (The Korean Society Of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)|2022.07|Clinical Endoscopy|제55권 제4호|pp. 507-515|DOI 10.5946/ce.2022.035

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키워드

Systematic reviewMelanomaNeoplasm metastasisStomach neoplasmsGastrointestinal endoscopy
주제분류내과학

초록

Background/Aims: Metastases of malignant melanoma (MM) are rare and associated with poor prognosis. The objective of this studywas to analyze the clinical and endoscopic characteristics of gastric metastases of MM by systematically reviewing cases and case seriesinvolving patients diagnosed using upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Methods: The PubMed and LILACS databases were searched. Reports containing individual patient data were included. Outcomessuch as clinical data, endoscopic findings, treatments, and survival were analyzed. Results: A total of 88 studies with individual data from 113 patients with gastric metastases of MM were included. The primary sites ofMM were the skin (62%), eyes (10%), and mucous membranes (6%). Most patients (56%) had multiple metastases in the stomach, locatedpredominantly in the gastric body (approximately 80%). The overall survival rate at 2 years was 4%. There was a significant reductionin the survival of patients with multiple gastric metastases compared to that of patients with single metastasis (hazard ratio,0.459; 95% confidence interval, 0.235−0.895; p=0.022). Conclusions: Gastric metastases of MM have a poor prognosis, especially in patients with multiple implants in the stomach. Additionalstudies are needed to verify whether ocular and mucosal melanomas are associated with a higher risk of gastric metastases than thatof cutaneous melanomas.

Abstract

Background/Aims: Metastases of malignant melanoma (MM) are rare and associated with poor prognosis. The objective of this studywas to analyze the clinical and endoscopic characteristics of gastric metastases of MM by systematically reviewing cases and case seriesinvolving patients diagnosed using upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Methods: The PubMed and LILACS databases were searched. Reports containing individual patient data were included. Outcomessuch as clinical data, endoscopic findings, treatments, and survival were analyzed. Results: A total of 88 studies with individual data from 113 patients with gastric metastases of MM were included. The primary sites ofMM were the skin (62%), eyes (10%), and mucous membranes (6%). Most patients (56%) had multiple metastases in the stomach, locatedpredominantly in the gastric body (approximately 80%). The overall survival rate at 2 years was 4%. There was a significant reductionin the survival of patients with multiple gastric metastases compared to that of patients with single metastasis (hazard ratio,0.459; 95% confidence interval, 0.235−0.895; p=0.022). Conclusions: Gastric metastases of MM have a poor prognosis, especially in patients with multiple implants in the stomach. Additionalstudies are needed to verify whether ocular and mucosal melanomas are associated with a higher risk of gastric metastases than thatof cutaneous melanomas.

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