17세기 개혁파 정통주의의 신학과 실천의 관계성 연구: 페트루스 판 마스트리흐트의 신학 서론을 중심으로
A Study in the stability of the Relationship between Theology and Practice in Seventeenth-Century Reformed Orthodoxy: Considering Petrus van Mastricht's Theological Prolegomena
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16세기 종교개혁의 인문주의와 17세기 개혁파 정통의 스콜라주의를 대립시키고, 칼빈과 칼빈주의자들을 불연속선상에 두어, 17세기 개혁파 스콜라주의를 비정통이라고 평가하는 주장들이 있어왔다. 예를 들어 종교개혁의 인문주의와 대립되는 개혁파 정통 스콜라주의, 칼빈과 대립되는 칼빈주의자들, 메마르고 건조하며 죽은 개혁주의 신학, 개혁파 정통신학이 성경보다 철학을 우위에 두어 사변적인 신학이 되었다고 하는 주장, 이론과 학문에 갇혀서 중요하지 않은 신학적인 사안들로 논쟁하기를 좋아한다는 오해 등이다. 하지만, 17세기 개혁파 정통주의에 대한 연구는 신학과 실천의 관계에 있어서 그 동안 잘못 인식되어 왔던 관점들에 수정을 제기한다. 본 논문은 17세기 개혁파 정통 신학자 페트루스 판 마스트리흐트의 신학서론을 집중 분석함으로써 신학과 실천의 관계를 규명하여, 개혁주의 신학이 견지해 왔던 신학과 실천의 관계의 견고성을 드러내고자 한다. 마스트리흐트의 신학 서론에 대한 고찰은 17세기 개혁주의 정통 신학을 경험할 기회를 제공하고, 그 어느 때보다 삶에 대한 요구가 쇄도하는 이 시대와 한국 교회에게 이론과 실천, 교리와 경건의 종합을 어떻게 조화롭게 구현할 수 있는지에 대한 대안을 모색하는데 큰 도움이 될 것이다.
Abstract
There has been an argument that maintains discontinuity between the Reformation humanism and the Reformed orthodox scholasticism, pressing the distinction between Calvin and the 17th century Reformed orthodoxy. To illustrate, an antagonism toward scholasticism would consider that Protestant scholastic system is the dry and outmoded philosophy, allows a priority of reason over faith, and tends to be polemical. However, contrary to the allegations of the above appraisal, Reformed orthodoxy's perspective on the theological prolegomena not only shows that there is no contradiction between Scripture and reason, theory and practice, and theology and piety, but also provides a clue for reappraisal of unity and diversity between the thought of Reformers like Calvin and the later reformed thinkers. This essay provides an analysis of Peterus van Mastricht's prolegomena in order to reveal the relationship between theology and practice which had been maintained through the Reformed forebears. The approach of Mastricht points toward a unity of theory and practice, theology and piety, faith and love, offering an wisdom for our contemporary church.
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