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BSC 성과지표간 인과관계 분석

Analysis of Causal Relationships among BSC Performance Indicators

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 Kaplan과 Norton(1992)이 재무측정치와 비재무측정치를 전략과 통합하여 제안한 균형잡힌 성과표(Balanced Scorecard: BSC)의 성과지표간 인과관계를 우리 나라 은행산업에 적용하여 검증하는데 초점을 두었다. 연구를 위해 Heskett 등의 연구에서 이용한 이익가치사슬 구조에 준하여 BSC 모델의 각 관점별 선행지표와 후행지표를 인과관계로 연결한 연구모형을 설정하였다. 각 관점간의 인과관계를 밝히기 위해 한 지방은행 소매금융 그룹 34개 영업점에서 회수된 설문지를 이용하여 공변량 구조분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 BSC 모델의 각 관점별 개념이 선행동인과 결과물측정치의 인과관계로 연결됨을 확인하였다. 또한 각 개념을 구성하는 하위 측정지표도 일부 개념에서 만족스럽지는 않으나 한계적으로 수용됨을 확인하였다. 그러나 직원유지도와 직원생산성으로 구성된 학습 및 성장 역량 개념과 내부 비즈니스 프로세스 관점의 결과치로 구성된 내부역량 개념 및 상품과 서비스 속성, 이미지, 고객관계로 구성된 고객만족도 개념은 동일 개념을 다른 측면에서 측정한 결과로 추정될 만큼 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 보다 간결한 모델 구축을 위해서는 어느 한 개념을 제거하거나, 인과성이 높은 다른 측정변수의 개발이 필요함을 시사하고 있다.

Abstract

This study focuses on the causal relationship between key performance indicators of BSC in the banking industry. A research model, based on the profit value chain suggested by Heskett et al., tries to capture the causal relationship between performance drivers and lagging performance indexes in each area of BSC. Questionnaire was used to collect data from 34 branches of local bank, all of which specialize in retailer financing. Analyses of data using structural covariant analysis method confirmed the causal links among the constructs of BSC perspectives, performance drivers, and performance indicators. It also confirmed marginally the links between the perspectives and their corresponding performance indicators at the sub-level. There was high correlation among three perspectives: ⅰ) the learning and growth perspective, measured by employee retainment and employees' productivity, ⅱ) the customer satisfaction perspective, measured by attributes of goods and service, image, and customer relations, and ⅲ) the perspective of internal business, measured by internal business processes. Such results imply either removal of any one perspective or development of new variable(s) in order to build a simpler research model.

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