교통의 사회적 영향에 관한 이론적 고찰- 형평성과 사회적 배제 개념을 중심으로 -
A Theoretical Aspect of the Social Impacts of Transportation : Focused on the Concepts of Equity and Social Exclusion
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교통의 사회적 영향이란 매우 포괄적인 개념으로 그 개념에 대한 구체적인 이해가 모호할 수 있으며 다양한 해석이 적용될 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 문제에도 불구하고 현재 서구 교통 선진국들을 중심으로 교통의 사회적 영향에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있으며 이에 관한 연구도 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나 우리나라의 실정에서는 아직 이에 대한 이해가 부족하고 따라서 이에 관련된 연구도 교통공학, 교통경제, 환경 등의 분야에 비하여 상대적으로 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 이러한 배경에서 본 논문은 우리나라 실정에 부합하는 교통의 사회적 영향에 관한 연구의 활성화를 위한 기초작업의 일환으로 교통의 사회적 영향이라는 개념을 체계화하고 교통의 사회적 영향에 대한 문제를 교통에 관련된 형평성과 사회적 배제라는 주제를 중심으로 논의하였다. 교통과 관련된 형평성의 문제는 수직적 형평성과 수평적 형평성의 차원에서 논의 하였으며, 최근 활발히 진행되고 있는 교통으로 인한 사회적 배제의 문제는 사회적 배제의 포괄적인 개념, 교통과 관련된 사회적 배제의 개념 그리고 보다 구체적으로 교통과 관련된 사회적 배제의 유형 등의 문제를 중심으로 논의하고 문제점을 검토하였다. 그리고 마지막으로 앞의 논의들이 우리나라의 실정에 견주어 시사하는 점과 향후 연구과제 등을 제시하였다
Abstract
The concept of ‘social impacts of transportation’ is very comprehensive and a little vague. In spite of these problems, there are growing interests among the western countries about the social impacts of transportation, and the researches related to this area are under active progress. In case of Korean, however, there is little understanding of the subjects and research activities related with the subjects are very limited in comparison with other fields of transportation such as transportation engineering, transportation economics and environmental problems. In this context, this paper analyzes the concept of social impacts of transportation and discusses the problems associated with the subject as a part of the efforts to facilitate more active research in Korea. The analysis focuses on the topics of equity problems of transportation and social exclusion issues related with transportation. The equity problems of transportation are discussed on the ground of horizontal and vertical equity concepts. The comprehensive concepts of social exclusion and the concepts of the transportationelated social exclusion are examined to clarify the social exclusion problems associated with transportation. Finally, several research topics and implications are proposed in Korean context.
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