12주간 대중교통으로의 통근수단 전환이 중년 남성의 심혈관기능과 비만지표에 미치는 영향
Effects of 12 Weeks of Commuting Via Public Transportation on Cardiovascular Function and Obesity Indices in Middle Aged Men
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초록
자가용 대신 대중교통을 이용하면 부가적인 신체활동을 유발하여 건강상 이점이 있다는 연구결과가 선진 외국에서 발표되었으나, 이와 관련된 국내의 실증적 연구는 매우 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 12주간의 유산소운동 처치, 그리고 통근수단을 자가용에서 대중교통으로 전환하는 처치가 심혈관기능 및 비만지표인 adipokine에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 연구 대상자는 과체중 중년 남성 40명으로, 이들을 운동집단(13명), 통근수단 전환집단(14명), 그리고 통제집단(13명)에 무선 할당하였다. 운동집단은 12주간 여유심박수의 40~75% 강도로 15~35분간, 주 3회 유산소운동을 실시하였다. 통근수단 전환집단은 출․퇴근 시 자가용 대신 대중교통을 주 5일간, 일일 2회씩 총10회 이용하도록 하였으며, 대중교통 이용 중 일일 평균 도보량이 20분 이상이 되도록 하였다. 본 연구에서 얻은 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. ① 수축기혈압, 평균동맥압, 심근부담지수, 그리고 LDL-C/HDL-C 비율이 두 처치집단 모두에서 유의하게(운동: p<.01, 전환: p<.05) 감소되었고, TC/HDL-C 비율은 운동집단에서만 유의하게(p<.05) 감소되었다. ② 렙틴은 두 처치집단 모두에서유의하게(p<.05) 감소되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 12주간 실시한 유산소운동은 물론 통근수단을 대중교통으로 전환한 처치방법이 심혈관기능 및 비만지표를 개선시킨 것으로 결론지을 수 있다. 즉, 통근수단을 대중교통으로 전환하는 것만으로도 일반 유산소운동 못지않은 건강상의 이점을 얻을 수 있다는 것이다. 시간 부족으로 인하여 규칙적인 운동 수행이 어려운 현대인에게 있어서 통근수단의 전환은 신체활동량을 증가시켜 심혈관질환을 예방하는 효과적인 방법이 될 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구의 결과는 건강 증진 측면에서 대중교통의 이점을 입증하는 자료로서, 대중교통의 활성화를 유도하는 정책 자료의 이론적 근거가 될 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
The study was designed to examine the effects of increment physical activity for 12 weeks through aerobic exercise training compared with a change from a private vehicle commute to public transportation on cardiovascular function and adipokines, and major indices of obesity in middle aged men. Forty overweight subjects, aged 30-50, were randomly assigned to one of three groups, i.e., aerobic exercise training (AT; n=13), change of commuting mode (CCM; n=14), and control (CON; n=13). Subjects in the AT group participated in an aerobic exercise program, performed at 40-75% of HRR for 15-35 minute sessions at 3 sessions per week for 12 weeks. Subjects in the CCM changed their commuting mode from private vehicles to public transportation for 5 days a week, twice a day for 12 weeks. Variables regarding cardiovascular function and adipokines were measured. The first primary result showed systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, rate pressure product, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (AT: p<.01, CCM: p<.05) decreased significantly in both AT and CCM, TC/HDL-C (p<.05) decreased significantly in AT. The other primary result demonstrated leptin decreased significantly in AT and CCM. It was concluded that 12 weeks of change of commuting mode to public transportation as well as aerobic exercise would be beneficial for improving variables regarding cardiovascular function and obesity. Increments of physical activity by changing to public transportation would be helpful to prevent cardiovascular disease and obesity.
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