요사노 덱캉의 단카혁신과 조선

Abstract

Tanka, which is one of poetic forms that has kept its form after “Manyosyu”, is known as the best traditional verse to express the Japanese sentiment. This feature was created by the national poetry campaign influenced by the Nationalism in late 1880's. This study investigates the relation between Tanka innovation by Yosano Tekan and the Chosun. Tekan’s work “Song to nation ruin” is evaluated as the first and representative work that showed Tanka innovation. It implies following three points; first, hackneyed and narrowed world of Waka needed to be widened, second, poetry needed to be more masculine escaping from femininity, third, the creation of newly innovated Tanka was the way to make stronger nation. His anthology “North, South, East and West” showed the extended Tanka style, which is the representation of the points above, by employing Chosun as new ‘Theme’. It also showed the Japanese man’s story in fictional drama of Chosun background. Moreover, Chosun was targeted as the uncivilized people to be enlightened through implanting Japanese literature. Thus, the discourse was established through creating the new character of Chosun people who was assimilated into Japanese view of civilization and imagined himself as the part of strong civilized nation. Tanka innovation by Tekan, Chosun was a solution to find new restriction and realize the masculine self-dramatization. It was also the necessary character to imagine the completed national poetry. However, there is a limitation of Tanka innovation, which was undertaken under the strong Nationalism, that it directly reflects the idea of extension and assimilation from the Japanese colony ruling ideology.