人格神の形成 -「靖国問題」の基層-
Formation of Theism -Base of Yasukuni Shrine Problem-
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In Japan, there are shrines where the dead are enshrined as gods. They are TenmanPalace(Sgawarano Michijane), Toyokuni Shrine(Toyotomi Hideyoshi), Tosho Palace(Tokugawa Ieyasu), Shoine Shrine(Yoshida Shoine), Nogui Shrine(Nogui Maresuke),Togo Shrine(Togo Heyhachiro), Meiji Shrine(Meiji Japanese Emperor) · HeyanShrine(Kanmu Japanese Emperor), and Yasukuni Shrine(killed in war), etc. Amongthem, except Tenman Palace, they were built not long ago, since they were buildsince the Modern Age. To see the characteristics of these shrines, first, a new formation of shrine whichdoes not deny the corpses, but admit contact. Second characteristic is, the gods ofthese shrines were enshrined by the people of their side. Originally, Japanese godshave the characteristic of this Blocking Spirit Faith(御靈信仰). However, sinceToyokuni Shrines, Japanese gods are not based on Blocking Spirit Faith, butenshrined as gods by political power who wants to create his authority. Thirdcharacteristic is, these gods do not have the shape of time limit as usual ceremonyconnotes, but reside in the installed shrines. Like this, the formation of shrines, which enshrine the dead as gods,and new godsare transformed · distorted forms of normal forms from the viewpoint of Japanesefolk religion. Particularly, this was realized under the political intention which waspointed out as the second characteristic. From the viewpoint of theistic pedigree,Yasukuni Shrine also can be said that its political nature was established in anextension of Toyokuni Shrine · Tosho Palace.
Abstract
In Japan, there are shrines where the dead are enshrined as gods. They are TenmanPalace(Sgawarano Michijane), Toyokuni Shrine(Toyotomi Hideyoshi), Tosho Palace(Tokugawa Ieyasu), Shoine Shrine(Yoshida Shoine), Nogui Shrine(Nogui Maresuke),Togo Shrine(Togo Heyhachiro), Meiji Shrine(Meiji Japanese Emperor) · HeyanShrine(Kanmu Japanese Emperor), and Yasukuni Shrine(killed in war), etc. Amongthem, except Tenman Palace, they were built not long ago, since they were buildsince the Modern Age. To see the characteristics of these shrines, first, a new formation of shrine whichdoes not deny the corpses, but admit contact. Second characteristic is, the gods ofthese shrines were enshrined by the people of their side. Originally, Japanese godshave the characteristic of this Blocking Spirit Faith(御靈信仰). However, sinceToyokuni Shrines, Japanese gods are not based on Blocking Spirit Faith, butenshrined as gods by political power who wants to create his authority. Thirdcharacteristic is, these gods do not have the shape of time limit as usual ceremonyconnotes, but reside in the installed shrines. Like this, the formation of shrines, which enshrine the dead as gods,and new godsare transformed · distorted forms of normal forms from the viewpoint of Japanesefolk religion. Particularly, this was realized under the political intention which waspointed out as the second characteristic. From the viewpoint of theistic pedigree,Yasukuni Shrine also can be said that its political nature was established in anextension of Toyokuni Shrine · Tosho Palace.