帝國과 植民地의 近代詩學: 김억(金億)과 우에다 빈(上田敏)의 文學論을 중심으로

Abstract

This study is a comparative study of Japanese Ueda Bin and Kim Uk, major literary men, translators, and theorists, who provided the foundation for modern lyric poetry through translating and introducing Western symbolism poetry, and writing on translation theory in the establishment period of Korean and Japanese modern literature. By examining the literary historical achievements of Ueda Bin who contributed to the establishment of modern Japanese literature during the Meiji era with that of Kim Uk, this study explores how modern literature in East Asia has similarly developed through universally accepting and translating Western literature, what are the differences that the special circumstance of the empire and colony brought to the identity of each nation’s modern literature to transcend this universality, and what are the political implications of the differences between the modern literature of Japan and Joseon, of the empire and the colony. Kim Uk and Ueda Bin embraced Western symbolism poetry through publishing The Dance of Agonies (1921) and The Sound of the Tide (1905) respectively and as a result, they became the cornerstone of modern poetry’s development. Both put forward the liberal translation methodology of literary and creative translation, but while Kim Uk advocated creative liberal translation, recognizing the lack of poetical terms and nonexistence of tradition, Ueda Bin advocated literary translation for the method of inserting Japanese classics while translating. Such difference is related to Kim Uk and Ueda Bin’s view on art. While both Kim and Ueda believed that poetry was the center of art as claimed by Matthew Arnold, Kim recognized the originality of art and the personality of the artist when translating foreign poetry, while Ueda perceived that accepting the classics and tradition guaranteed artistry. The reason for such difference is that Ueda Bin desired to contribute to Japan’s development into a modern nation through literature while Kim Uk, as a colonial intellectual, desired to systemize modern literature centering on the originality of the writer and art. Through Kim Uk's attitude, we can read the politics of the colonial literary man who was situated in a different position from the empire.