Individual Differences in Frequency Effects in English Palatalization
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Lexical frequency and its influence on speech production have been widely acknowledged across languages and varieties, and frequency effects are very prevalent in various phonological phenomena. Previous experimental studies have reported that high lexical frequency leads to a greater chance of overt coarticulation. This study tests for articulatory evidence of frequency effects in lexical and post-lexical palatalization in English using ultrasound imaging. Comparisons of tongue shapes of palatalized consonants show that differences in lexical frequency are not directly linked to articulatory gestures. Speakers do not necessarily produce a greater degree of palatalization, i.e., tongue contour closer to the palate, in high-frequency words or phrases. Further, when speakers produce articulatory contrast between highand low-frequency contexts, the way speakers differentiate palatalized consonants from high- vs. low-frequency items is highly individualized. The findings in this study are in line with individual variation in coarticulation and merit further exploration in the role of lexical frequency in speech production.
Abstract
Lexical frequency and its influence on speech production have been widely acknowledged across languages and varieties, and frequency effects are very prevalent in various phonological phenomena. Previous experimental studies have reported that high lexical frequency leads to a greater chance of overt coarticulation. This study tests for articulatory evidence of frequency effects in lexical and post-lexical palatalization in English using ultrasound imaging. Comparisons of tongue shapes of palatalized consonants show that differences in lexical frequency are not directly linked to articulatory gestures. Speakers do not necessarily produce a greater degree of palatalization, i.e., tongue contour closer to the palate, in high-frequency words or phrases. Further, when speakers produce articulatory contrast between highand low-frequency contexts, the way speakers differentiate palatalized consonants from high- vs. low-frequency items is highly individualized. The findings in this study are in line with individual variation in coarticulation and merit further exploration in the role of lexical frequency in speech production.
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