정신지체아동 및 뇌성마비아동의 건강관련 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 요인 탐색
Influential Factors for the Health Related Quality of Life in Children with Mental Retardation and Cerebral Palsy
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본 연구는 정신지체아동 및 뇌성마비아동의 일반적 특성과 부모 요인에 따른 일상생활동작 및 건강관련 삶의 질에 미치는 요인을 분석한 후 장애에 적합한 관련서비스 제공 및 학령기 장애아동의 건강관련 삶의 질 향상을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 하며, 연구의 대상은 서울ㆍ경기지역 종합병원 1곳, 복지관 1곳, 특수학교 4곳의 아동 94명을 대상으로 일상생활동작과 건강관련 삶의 질을 평가하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 정신지체 아동의 신체적 삶의 질은 사회ㆍ심리적 삶의 질보다 조금 낮게 나타났으며, 뇌성마비아동은 장애가 심할수록 신체적 삶의 질은 저하된 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 정신지체 아동이 뇌성마비아동보다 신체적 삶의 질은 더 높으나 사회ㆍ심리적 삶의 질은 더 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 정신지체아동의 신체적 삶의 질과 일상생활동작, 포테이지 검사의 운동성과 인지, 그림 인물화검사의 지능지수, 사회성숙도검사의 사회연령, 사회지수와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 넷째, 뇌성마비아동의 신체적 삶의 질과 일상생활동작의 하위영역인 자조활동, 대소변조절, 이동, 의사표현, 사회인지와 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈고, 사회ㆍ심리적 삶의 질은 의사표현, 사회인지와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 아동의 발달은 신체, 운동, 인지, 정서, 사회발달 등의 영역들이 서로 영향을 줌과 동시에 건강관련 삶의 질에 영향을 미침으로 특수교육 대상자들은 특수교육을 효율적으로 실시하기 위하여 관련서비스를 자신의 장애 특성 및 정도에 따라 제공 받음으로써 신체적, 사회ㆍ심리적 삶의 질을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was influential factors related to the Health Related Quality of Life(QOL) in children with Mental Retardation(MR) and Cerebral Palsy(CP). Total of 94 children(42 children with MR, 52 children with CP) were selected based on predetermined selection criteria among the children from one general hospital, one welfare center, and four rehabilitation schools located in Seoul and Kyunggi-do. Measurements of WeeFIM and CHQ were evaluated. The results of this study were presented as follows: Firstly, Scores that present physical QOL(38.0 scores) were lower than scores of psychosocial QOL(39.3 scores) in children with MR. Secondly, Scores that present physical QOL were lower than scores of psychosocial QOL in children with moderate and severe CP. Thirdly, ADL domain 3(locomotion) and domain 5(cognition) in portage test, IQ, social quotient and social age in social maturity test were found to be significant factors that affect physical QOL in children with MR(p<.05). Lastly, ADL were found to be significant factors that affect physical QOL in children with CP(p<.05), and domain 5(communication), domain 6(social cognition) were found to be significant factors that affect Psychosocial QOL in children with CP(p<.05). In conclusion, this study suggests that evaluation of the children with CP and MR should be conducted HRQoL, and for early intervention needs to children with disabilities for improves HRQoL.
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