반사회성향 청소년의 도덕적 맥락 판단에 대한 두뇌활성화 차이 연구
The Distinct Neural Network on Anti-social Adolescents by Moral Social Judgment
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초록
본 연구는 사회적으로 도덕적인 내용을 포함하는 과제를 제시하고 그에 대한 판단에 대한 반응을 살펴보는 것이다. 정상청소년과 반사회 성향 청소년의 두 그룹이 대상이었으며 기능 자기공명영상 기법을 이용하여 두뇌활성화 차이를 살펴보았다. 실험을 위한 자극으로 그림이나 동영상 등을 통해 표현한 도덕성이 아니라 명확한 의미 전달을 위해 도덕적인 내용을 포함하는 간단한 문장이 사용되었다. 실험 결과는 다음과 같다. 반사회 성향 청소년에 비해 정상청소년은 후시각 영역(late visual area)중 하나인 방추상회(fusiform gyrus)를 비롯하여 해마영역(hippocampal gyrus), 쐐기앞소엽(Precuneus), 후상부 측두엽/극측두엽(superior temporal gyrus/temporal pole), 안와전두엽(orbitofrontal gyrus) 부위의 활성화가 우월하게 나타났다. 극측두엽과 안와전두엽은 다른 사람의 감정이나 의도를 이해하는 데 작동할 뿐만 아니라 도덕적 행동을 생각할 때 활성화된다. 이 부위의 손상은 감정이입의 불가능과 더불어 죄책감 같은 자아의식적 감정이 일어나지 않도록 한다. 반사회 성향 청소년들의 이 부위에 대한 미약한 반응은 그들이 감정적인 공감능력이 결여되어 있으며, 그와 연관된 타인의 행동을 판단하는 도덕적 규범에 문제가 있다는 것을 시사한다.
Abstract
In the current fMRI experiment the response to social moral judgment task was systematically studied on brain activity between two subject groups(normal and anti-social adolescents). For judging moral context, the simple sentences incl. moral sense were presented as stimuli. The results show that the following brain areas are dominantly activated by normal subjects compared to anti-social group. These areas are the bilateral fusiform gyrus among late visual areas, hippocampal gyrus, precuneus, superior temporal gyrus/temporal pole and orbitofrontal cortex. The OFC and temporal poles work together to use stored knowledge representations to facilitate the understanding of emotional experience in others. These brain regions are thus central to the development of self-conscious emotions, such as guilt or embarrassment, which promote prosocial behavior and form the basis of moral learning. The weak activation of these regions in anti-social group leads to a conclusion that they are not capable of feeling other’s emotional status. This means further that they have problems for judging moral context.
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