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일반 노인의 인지-언어 능력과 삶의 질 간 상관성

The Relationship between Cognitive-linguistic Ability and Quality of Life in Older Adults

이미숙
특수교육재활과학연구소 (The Research Institute for Special Education & Rehabilitation Science)|2016.12|특수교육재활과학연구|제55권 제4호|pp. 143-161|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.23944/isers.2016.09.55.4.8

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참고문헌

키워드

노인고령화삶의 질older adultsagingquality of liferelationship상관성인지-언어 능력cognitive-linguistic ability
주제분류기타사회과학

초록

급속한 고령화로 인해 노인의 삶의 질에 대한 관심이 증대되는 추세이다. 이에 따라 노인의 전반적인 일상생활에 관여하는 인지-언어 능력이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 규명할 필요성이 부각되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 노인의 인지-언어 능력과 삶의 질 간의 상관성을 체계적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 만 65세 이상의 일반 노인 66명을 대상으로 인지-언어 능력과 삶의 질을 각 하위 영역별로 살펴보았다. CAPTBI(Cognitive-pragmatic language ability Assessment Protocol for Traumatic Brain Injury)를 통해 주의력, 기억력, 집행기능, 화용언어 등 9개 영역의 57개 문항을 일대일로 직접 평가하였고, WHOQOL-BREF(World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF)에 의해 신체적 건강, 심리, 사회적 관계, 환경 영역의 24개 항목을 5점 척도로 평정하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 집행기능과 화용언어는 신체적 건강 관련 삶의 질과 매우 높은 상관성이 있었다. 둘째, 주의력 및 기억력은 심리 측면의 삶의 질과 매우 큰 상관성을 보였다. 셋째, 문제해결력, 집행기능, 화용언어는 사회적 관계 및 환경 관련 삶의 질과 큰 상관성이 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 노인의 인지-언어 능력과 삶의 질 간의 상관성을 세부적으로 살펴봄으로써 삶의 질을 증진시키는 데 있어 인지-언어적 요인들이 필수적인 고려사항임을 규명할 수 있었다. 이는 일반 노인에 대한 인지-언어적 중재의 필요성을 입증함과 동시에, 임상 현장에서 활용될 수 있는 증거 기반적 자료를 제시했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 나아가, 신체 및 사회, 심리적 측면에서 겪는 어려움을 보완할 수 있는 적극적인 방안을 모색함으로써 노인의 삶의 질과 안녕을 극대화하는 데 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

Much attention has been given to the quality of life(QOL) in older adults according to rapid aging. At this point, it is necessary to evaluate the impact of cognitive-linguistic ability on QOL in elderly people. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between cognitive-linguistic ability and QOL among elderly population. Participants included 66 older adults aged 65 and over. The CAPTBI(Cognitive-pragmatic language ability Assessment Protocol for Traumatic Brain Injury) and the WHOQOL-BREF(World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF) were applied to them in measuring their cognitive-linguistic ability and QOL. Fifty seven items in 9 domains(attention, memory, executive function, pragmatic language, etc.) were tested in person by CAPTBI, and twenty four items of physical health, social relationships, psychological and environmental domains in WHOQOL-BREF were assessed on a five-point scale. There were three main findings. Firstly, executive function and pragmatic language were so significantly related to physical health in QOL. Secondly, attention and memory were very highly correlated with psychological domain of QOL. Lastly, problem solving, executive function and pragmatic language positively affected the social relationships and environmental domain of QOL. The results from the current study suggest that the cognitive-linguistic abilities are critical in improving the QOL of elderly people. Our study also provides evidence-based information to support the preventive intervention in cognitive-linguistic abilities of elderly individuals. Additionally, this finding can contribute to maximize the wellbeing and QOL of older adults by overcoming physical, social, and psychological difficulties.

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