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주관적 인지 저하와 경도인지장애에 대한 가정 기반 인지-의사소통 중재의 효과

Efficacy of Home-based Cognitive-Communication Intervention for Subjective Cognitive Decline and Mild Cognitive Impairment

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주제분류기타사회과학

초록

치매의 고위험군인 주관적 인지 저하(SCD)와 경도인지장애(MCI)에 대한 인지-의사소통 중재를 통해 삶의 질(QoL)을 제고할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 SCD 및 MCI를 대상으로 가정 기반 인지-의사소통 중재의 효과를 알아본 후 집단 간의 효과 차이를 비교하였다. 이를 위해 SCD 19명과 MCI 22명이 3개월간 주의력, 작업기억, 고차원적 인지, 의사소통으로 구성된 가정 기반 중재에 참여하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, SCD와 MCI 집단은 주의력, 구어 및 비구어 작업기억, 고차원적 인지 등 모든 인지 영역에서 중재 전후에 유의한 향상을 보였다. 둘째, 두 집단은 이해, 표현, 화용언어, 주관적 의사소통 등 4개 의사소통 영역 모두에서 중재 효과가 있었다. 셋째, SCD 집단의 전반적 QoL은 중재 전후에 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 넷째, 두 집단 간에 중재 효과가 큰 영역은 주의력, 구어 작업기억, 고차원적 인지, 화용언어였다. 본 연구를 통해 가정 기반 인지-의사소통 중재가 SCD 및 MCI 집단에 효과적이며, 집단 간에 효과 차이가 다름을 알 수 있었다. 이는 두 집단에 대한 통합적 가정 기반 중재를 고안하고 효과성을 제고하는 데 주요 임상 지침으로 활용할 수 있다.

Abstract

Individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are at high risk for dementia. It is necessary to intervene in them considering cognitive-communication and quality of life (QoL). The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of home-based cognitive-communication intervention for SCD and MCI. We also compared the differences in efficacy between them. SCD (n=19) and MCI (n=22) groups performed three months of intervention protocol regarding attention, working memory, higher order cognition, and communication. The main findings were as follows. Firstly, SCD and MCI groups improved significantly in attention, working memory (verbal/nonverbal), and higher order cognition. Secondly, the efficacy of two groups was significant in all domains of communication including comprehension, expression, pragmatic language, and subjective communication. Thirdly, SCD group improved significantly in general QoL. Lastly, there is a great deal of effect difference in attention, verbal working memory, higher order cognition, and pragmatic language between two groups. The results suggest that home-based cognitive-communication intervention is largely effective, and differences in effect are diverse in SCD and MCI groups. This study provides practical guidelines for developing the integrated home-based protocols, and increasing their effects in two groups.

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