정상 및 경도인지장애 노인의문장의미 판단과제 수행력 비교
Comparison of Sentence Meaning Judgment Task Performance of Normal and MCI Elderly
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본 연구에서는 태 및 문장 유형, 어절 수에 따른 문장의미 판단과제를 실시하여 정반응률 및 처리 속도에 대한 차이를 파악하고 노화 및 신경 병리학적 차원에서의 유용한 진단적 요소들을 가질 수 있는지 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 정상 노인 (N=7)과, aMCI 노인(N=7)을 대상으로 태 유형, 문장 유형, 어절 수에 따른 문장의미 판단과제를 실시한 후 정반응률 및 반응시간을 비교 분석하였다. 연구 결과, aMCI 노인집단이 정상 노인집단보다 문장의미 판단과제에서 유의하게 낮은 수행을 보였다. 4어절 및 5어절 문장 간의 정반응률 및 반응시간은 유의한 차이를 보였는데 이는 aMCI 노인집단이 문장이 길어질수록 각 단어와의 의미지식 관계를 통합하고 이해하는 데 어려움이 있고 작업 및 장기기억의 저하로 의미처리에 차이가 있었음을 시사한다. 결론적으로, 인지적 처리자원 요구가 높은 의미론적 관계성을 파악하는 문장의미 판단과제가 aMCI로의 진행을 살펴볼 수 있고 인지 손상을 감별해낼 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify differences in accurate response rates and process speeds by implementing sentence meaning judgment tasks according to the voice, sentence type, and number of word segments, as well as to confirm whether these can have useful diagnostic factors at the level of aging and neuropathology. For this purpose, normal elderly (N=7) and MCI elderly (N=7) were given sentence meaning judgment tasks according to the type of voice, sentence type, and number of word segments; the accurate response rate and reaction times of these were then comparatively analyzed. As a result, the MCI elderly group showed significantly lower performance in sentence meaning judgment tasks than the normal elderly group. It showed a significant difference in the accurate response rate and reaction time between the four- and five-word segment sentences. This suggests that the MCI elderly group has difficulty integrating and understanding the semantic knowledge relationship with each word as the sentence becomes longer; furthermore, there were differences in the semantic process due to deterioration of both working and long-term memory. In conclusion, it was found that sentence semantic judgment tasks that identify semantic relationships with high requirements for cognitive process resource can examine the progression to MCI and discern cognitive impairment.
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