지방자치단체 인구소멸 실태와 정책 방안

Abstract

In recent years, responding to population extinction has become a national topic in Korea. The purpose of this study is to present policy implications for overcoming the population extinction of local governments by examining the actual conditions of population extinction in the 14 local governments in Jeollabuk-do, focusing on big data analysis and demographic factors. In this study, big data analysis using ‘BIGKinds’ and trends in 8 major population indicators(extinction risk index, moving-in and moving-out population trends, resident registration population trends, vacant houses, GRDP, number of manufacturing businesses, number of marriages and marriage rate, financial independence and financial independence) were analyzed. The analysis results are as follows. First, issues highly related to population extinction were aging, low fertility, regional economy, jobs, and balanced regional development. Second, it was analyzed that Jeonju, Gunsan, Iksan, and Wanju among the 14 cities and counties in Jeollabuk-do were in the stage of extinction warning, and the remaining cities and counties entered the stage of entering the extinction risk. Third, the characteristics of the time series trend are a decrease in the moving-in population, an increase in the moving-out population, an increase in vacant houses, a stagnant GRDP, a slight increase in the number of manufacturing businesses, a decrease in the number of marriages and marriage rates, and a weakening of financial independence and financial independence. The implications of the study are as follows. First, in order to respond to population extinction, a specialized response strategy for each city and county is required. Second, it is necessary to discover various indicators highly related to population extinction and perform an in-depth analysis on population extinction. Third, policies such as strong fertility promotion policies, promotion of regional self-reliance growth through the implementation of balanced regional development policies, establishment and implementation of regional vitality policies, and strengthening of cooperative governance between local governments, local universities, and public institutions are necessary.