한국전쟁 전후 정치범 관련 법제의 성립과 운용
The Establishment and Application of Law relating to Political Prisoner in the vicinity of the Korean War
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This paper focus on the creation and execution of ‘political prisoner’ in the vicinity of the Korean War. The documents of the United Nation Civil Assistance Command, Korea(UNCACK) has much information about this theme. This paper primarily use documents of UNCACK. The main points and arguments of this paper are as following. Relating to political prisoner, the Korea Government(ROK) have several laws. Especially, Articles for the Government of Korean Constabulary, Martial Law, National Security Law, Presidential Emergency Order are main laws to punish political prisoner. Articles for the Government of Korean Constabulary has not known when and how this Articles promulgated. Nevertheless, Articles for the Government of Korean Constabulary was used to punish opposition civilians. In Yosu and Sunchon in October 1848, Martial Law was declared without any basis of law. Under the Martial Law, army seize powers of jurisdiction and administration. It was National Security Law that is most notorious. In 1949, 80% of South Korea prisoners are violating National Security Law. National Security Law was a symbol of politics of Korea government. During the Korean War, Presidential Emergency Order was issued 13 times. Emergency Law Number 1 was unknown when this law isseued. After recapture of Seoul, Korea government punished civilians who was named ‘collaborator’ by government. According to documents of UNCACK. 70～90% prisoners of nation-wide prison was political prisoner in 1951. Their living condition was so bad that many prisoners passed away.
Abstract
This paper focus on the creation and execution of ‘political prisoner’ in the vicinity of the Korean War. The documents of the United Nation Civil Assistance Command, Korea(UNCACK) has much information about this theme. This paper primarily use documents of UNCACK. The main points and arguments of this paper are as following. Relating to political prisoner, the Korea Government(ROK) have several laws. Especially, Articles for the Government of Korean Constabulary, Martial Law, National Security Law, Presidential Emergency Order are main laws to punish political prisoner. Articles for the Government of Korean Constabulary has not known when and how this Articles promulgated. Nevertheless, Articles for the Government of Korean Constabulary was used to punish opposition civilians. In Yosu and Sunchon in October 1848, Martial Law was declared without any basis of law. Under the Martial Law, army seize powers of jurisdiction and administration. It was National Security Law that is most notorious. In 1949, 80% of South Korea prisoners are violating National Security Law. National Security Law was a symbol of politics of Korea government. During the Korean War, Presidential Emergency Order was issued 13 times. Emergency Law Number 1 was unknown when this law isseued. After recapture of Seoul, Korea government punished civilians who was named ‘collaborator’ by government. According to documents of UNCACK. 70～90% prisoners of nation-wide prison was political prisoner in 1951. Their living condition was so bad that many prisoners passed away.
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