냉전 시대 박정희의 한국 산업화 정책과 서독의 의미와 역할 1961-1967

Abstract

Germany and Korea were divided into East and West and North and South respectively with the developments of the Cold War after the World War II. The Vicissitudes of the Cold War after World War II led to the division of Germany into East and West and, after the Korean War, of Korea into North and South. In just a few years of post-war reconstruction West Germany (the Federal Republic of Germany – FRG) achieved radical economic prosperity that soon came to be dubbed the “economic miracle on the Rhine” (Wirtschaftswunder). This rapid economic development was especially impressive to South Korea, which was one of the poorest countries in the world at the turn of the 1960s. In the Republic of Korea, General, Park Chung-hee came to the power through the military coup of May 16, 1961(called the5.16 coup d'état). The then South Korean government of Chang Myun was weak, but as it manifest a democratic orientation the United States, under the presidentship of Kennedy, which played an important role for South Korea, did not endorse this military take-over of power. Understandably, given the erstwhile colonial past, there were no official relations with Japan at that time. Park Chung-hee courted the FRG in order to win development assistance; thus shortly after his inauguration as president in 1963 Park decided to visit the FRG for the purpose of enhancing political and economic relations, whilst concomitantly looking to the FRG as offering a model for South Korea’s economic take-off.