식민지 시기 땔감으로서 신탄과 연탄 이용의 변화 과정

Abstract

This article mainly describes the changes in the use of firewood and charcoal, and briquette during the period of the Japanese imperialist rule. Firstly, I researched the skyrocketing price of firewood and charcoal and the firewood and charcoal control policy under the Japanese rule led to the broader use of briquette. Secondly, I investigated the time of the briquette use as a fuel, changes in demand for briquette, and the policy of Japanese imperialist rulers in encouraging the use of briquette. Firewood and charcoal had been keeping its status as popular fuel, which was under restriction by the Forest Law and the Forest Ordinance. After the Forest Ordinance was enforced, shortage in firewood and charcoal and the soaring yearly price of firewood and charcoal threatened the urban poor's life. Also, the high pice of the firewood and charcoal was accelerated by the Japanese imperialist rule's industrialization policy. The Japanese imperialist rule encouraged using briquette instead of firewood and charcoal as fuel policy. However, briquette was not received favorably as home fuel. Furthermore, demand for briquette increased slowly because there existed the problem to change conventional Ondol(Korean Floor Heating System) into new one for briquette and the danger of carbon monoxide poisoning. As from the 1930s, the Japanese Government-General of Korea pushed to encourage using briquette more aggressively. Its policy to encourage briquette was coercively carried out rather than voluntarily. This propensity became conspicuous since the middle of the 1930s. After this period, briquette use increased rapidly in many houses because the supply of firewood and charcoal was much less than briquette and the price of firewood and charcoal skyrocketed.