1970년대 도시산업선교회와 한국노총의 갈등ㆍ대립

Abstract

This paper is intended as an investigation of how new democratic labor movement was destructed with through examining the conflict relationship between Urban Industrial Mission(UIM) and Federation of Korean Trade Unions(FKTU). Several studies have been attempted to discuss this issue, but they seem to be lacking their limit in fragmentary mention about the subject; they only said that Urban Industrial Mission supported labor movement against government-controlled Federation of Korean Trade Unions. Urban Industrial Mission's activities made conflict with Federation of Korean Trade Unions to issue official statements sharply in each part. As Urban Industrial Mission came to be positive to help workers' education and organizing trade unions, Federation of Korean Trade Unions launched expansion of its organization against UIM. One extreme example is organization of the action committee for FKTU. In the early period, it looked that the action committee for FKTU intended to focus on their primary aim to support some organizations in unorganized fileds and help labor disputes from member unions of FKTU. However, the action committee for FKTU couldn't develop regular activities because of external factors like State Protection Law, which was invoked in the latter part of 1971. The action committee for FKTU was only mobilized to keep order and rule in various events of FKTU. It seems that FKTU wanted the action committee to destroy UIM since 1974, from which the conflict and opposition amongst religious powers went too far. The action committee performed actively to drive out outside forces. It can be seen a typical instance that in the Dongil Texitle Company incident. It doesn't look that some labor movements which were supported by UIM made hostility with FKTU from the latter part of 1960s until the early 1970s. At least, they have cooperated each other by the end of 1971, conflict was inherent in their relationship though. The foundation of Yushin Regime caused them not to keep cooperating any more. The action committee didn't attack organization in churches including UIM at that time. The committee only ordered its members to protect “impure elements” infiltration and be ready to defend work places from UIM. However, after shortly an Emergency Decree was invoked in the early 1974, the action committee came to attack UIM completely. From that point, UIM was begun to be told as “impure powers” or “outside forces”. The government authorities regarded UIM as an antigovernment organization and intensified to oppress it. The government authorities suppressed organizing trade unions and education for consciousness by organization in churches including UIM as left labor movements. Crackdown on UIM by the government culminated in YH Trading Company incident in 1979. Furthermore, UIM was raided by the raging wind of McCarthyism, in which FKTU and the mass media joined. Park Chung-hee administration, showing signs of decadence like that, came to an end with the following Buma struggle and 10․26 incident.