세균전의 기억과 중국 애국주의 교육기지 건설의 새 방향― 侵華日軍 第731部隊 罪證陳列館을 중심으로 ―

Abstract

This paper aims to examine how has the nationalist education using museums been circulated and consumed to the masses. While the troubles of history and territory among East Asian countries are heating up, the Chinese government has built up national and warfare museums as Educational Base of Patriotism. The Unit 731 Museum will be the proper case for telling the new characteristics of Chinese nationalism and patriotism. The existing history museums and warfare museums have underlined the sufferer of war and the heroic struggle of chinese people over imperialist invasion. This exhibition has relation to building Educational Base of Patriotism as the ideology of socialist spiritual civilization which promoted the unity and harmony of nation and recovered the pride of the Middle Kingdom. The Chinese government tried to produce powerful ideology for national unity, underlining patriotism rather than socialism. However, patriotism is likely to promote narrow-minded nationalism. On the contrary, the education of patriotism applying the memory of germ warfare could highlight Chinese people as a sufferer of war and anti-theme of Japan’s inclination toward the rightist ideology. The damage of germ warfare not only applied to Chinese people, but also magnified to East Asian people. Recently the exhibition contents of Unit 731 Museum underlines human universal conscience and worth. That is, though China was damaged by germ warfare, Chinese mothers cordially cared for Japanese orphans to keep universal worth of mankind. While the history museum and the warfare museum are likely to head to exclusive nationalism through heroic patriotism, the memory of germ warfare in Unit 731 Museum opens the possibility of universal love of mankind and international nationalism.