조선 전기의 고구려 초기 都城 위치 비정과 그 실상

Abstract

The determination of early Goguryeo' capital cities was not fully conducted until the first half Joseon. The first capital city, Jolbon of Goguryeo, was determined as today's Seongcheon, Pyeongannam-do, and its second capital city, Fortress Guknae, was determined as today's Uiju, Pyeonganbuk-do. Doubtlessly, Jolbon and Guknae are Huanren and Jian, north of River Yalu, respectively, and this study identified the following reasons why first-half Joseon's determination of Goguryeo capital city location was so conducted. First, the location of Jolbon was forgotten, after Goguryeo fell. But it happened that the name of the river flowing through Seongcheon was Biryu-gang, the same name as Biryu-su mentioned in the Goguryeo founding myth. Thus, Seongcheon was determined as Jolbon, and Goguryeo Fortress, west of Seongcheon, was named Fortress Heulgol associated with Fortress Heulseunggol mentioned in the myth. In the case of Fortress Guknae, today's River Hun, Yeomnansu, was wrongly identified as River Aihe, based on historical data to the first half of Joseon. On top of such identification, Fortress Guknae was identified as a location not far away from the northeast of the merging point of River Yalu and River Aihe. Thus, Goryeosa could express Uiju as Fortress Guknae. On top of this, Donggukyeojiseungram wrongly identified the boundary of Fortress Guknae as Fortress Guknae. These errors led to Fortress Guknae being identified as Uiju. The reason why Seogcheon was identified as Jolbon after all was that the river, running through Seongcheon, happened to have the same name as Biryusu mentioned in Goguryeo founding myth, leading to such misconception. The reason why Uiju was identified as Fortress Guknae was attributed to the combined errors of wrongly recognizing Yeomnansu as River Aihe, and of misreading the boundary of Fortress Guknae as Fortress Guknae. These misconceptions and errors could hardly hide certain intentions.