1920년대 일본 중학교 「공민과」설치 논의 - 문정심의회의 논의를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to examine the discussion process of civics education in the 1920s Japan. This paper revolves around why civic education was required, what problems were brought up in the discussion process for the middle school having civics courses in Bunsei Council. Finally this paper explores the logic of Bunsei Council to open civics courses in the middle school Japanese society in the 1920s had changed. The imperial national idea was consolidating in response to socialism, and the civic training in accordance with the party politics and the party cabinet was stressed. Recharge of the national polity idea(国体)　and civics education were embodied in the discussion process of the civics courses and treated as part of the middle school education reform. Advisory draft on middle school education reform by Bunsei Council pointed out the problem of the civic courses regarding knowledge education of "legal economy" and highlighted the character of the civic courses being the civic nature. In addition, the Ministry of Education described the civic courses with training social life and moral education response to the reality of people's political participation. On the other hand, the group supporting the constitutional government regarded the civic courses as training for political education and constitutional autonomy. And establishment of civics of Bunsei Council could be interpreted spirit education, or political participation education of constitutional autonomy.