1950년대 일본 역사교육의 국가 통제와 교과서 서술 분석

Abstract

This article is study for Japanese history text book and a course of study, adopted year 1955 and 1958, affected by government’s reinforced regulation, having connection with back ground of the Japanese society’s towards Right side. Due to the drastic change of international circumstances in the 1950s, the Japanese government promulgated new course of study in 1955, which changed contents in the Social Studies course, a symbol of progressive education policy and this made change for worse the basic frame of a education policy after World War Ⅱ. Thus, the goal of history education in the revised ‘Social Studies’ was not for individuals and citizens in democratic society but bringing up a nation who fulfill ‘national and social qualities required as a member of the society.’Followed in 1958, full-scale reorganization of a course of study was accomplished and then, ‘a course of study’ noticed as the new document for the curriculum, became the legal background that government can control the school education directly. After then Japanese society became more conservative and right side. This ‘a course of study’ in 1950s, containing the government’s education policy affected education fields through the history text book which forced a nation awareness about history. After all, as the Japanese government changed the ‘a course of study' which forced to describe wrong and narrow history recognition in the text book, the education policy slipped back to the things before World War Ⅱ. Therefore, as the result of this study of Japanese government’s regulation on history education and depiction in history text book, it seems that debate about amendment of ‘The Country’s Pacifist Constitution’ already began in the 1950s. This make us to know that Japanese government’s education policy affected Japanese society to became more conservative and towards right side seriously.