1950년대 병역형평성 논쟁과 병역법 개정
A Controversy about the Fairness of Military duty in South Korea during 1950s and the Amendment of the Military Service Law
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During the Korean War, the military draft system was implemented in South Korea. The characteristic of Korea in the mid-1950s is that the ruling elites of the society show dual positions on the universal conscription. The ruling elite class of society were in a position to defend the conscription system. At the same time, however, they prevented the operation of conscription and avoided military service. In such a situation, it was difficult to persuade the people to accept the universal conscription. The amendment to the Military Service Act in 1957 was aimed at carrying out the so-called “egalitarian military draft”. However, the conflict between the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Education in the process of enacting amendments to the Military Service Act showed the duality of the ruling elite with regard to conscription. As a result, the implementation of “egalitarian military draft” has become an incomplete task.
Abstract
During the Korean War, the military draft system was implemented in South Korea. The characteristic of Korea in the mid-1950s is that the ruling elites of the society show dual positions on the universal conscription. The ruling elite class of society were in a position to defend the conscription system. At the same time, however, they prevented the operation of conscription and avoided military service. In such a situation, it was difficult to persuade the people to accept the universal conscription. The amendment to the Military Service Act in 1957 was aimed at carrying out the so-called “egalitarian military draft”. However, the conflict between the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Education in the process of enacting amendments to the Military Service Act showed the duality of the ruling elite with regard to conscription. As a result, the implementation of “egalitarian military draft” has become an incomplete task.
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