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제주4･3을 통해 본 제주도민의 귀순과 반공주체로서 순응

The Surrender of Jeju Islanders and Conformance as Anti-communism Subject in the Jeju April 3rd Incident

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수선사학회|2022.07|사림 (SARIM, The Historical Journal)|제81호|pp. 1-31

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참고문헌

키워드

선무공작Jeju April 3rd IncidentSurrender귀순제주4･3반공주체갱생원Anti-communism SubjectPacification ManeuverRehabilitation Camp
주제분류역사학

초록

This paper looked into surrender of islanders in the Jeju April 3rd Incident. One of the most notable phenomena from March 1, 1947 to the Jeju April 3rd Incident in 1948 was the very surrender. These phenomena were sluggish in the early stage of the incident, but later they escalated more in the suppression. The number of people who surrendered increased more and more as pacification maneuver was reinforced. It was especially pronounced in 1949. The state power pronounced that ‘Sansaram’(Mountain People), denoted as armed bands should be banished permanently from the territory of the Republic of Korea. Families and those connected or even might be connected to the armed bands were treated as they had to be excluded from the nation of the Republic of Korea. As pacification and submission maneuvers were unfolded with this idea, promises by the military and the police, agency of the state power, to treat defectors tolerantly were not kept. Most defectors were sent to prisons on the mainland after perfunctory trial. Inmates who were left in rehabilitation camps were released only when they submitted to the ‘anti-communist’ ideology of the government of Syngman Rhee. Those released from camp confinement were not free. They were mobilized into pro-government actions or forced to support the military and the police for pacification maneuvers. Additionally, they were watched in poor collective village and forced to adapt themselves to the ultra-right anti-communism system.

Abstract

This paper looked into surrender of islanders in the Jeju April 3rd Incident. One of the most notable phenomena from March 1, 1947 to the Jeju April 3rd Incident in 1948 was the very surrender. These phenomena were sluggish in the early stage of the incident, but later they escalated more in the suppression. The number of people who surrendered increased more and more as pacification maneuver was reinforced. It was especially pronounced in 1949. The state power pronounced that ‘Sansaram’(Mountain People), denoted as armed bands should be banished permanently from the territory of the Republic of Korea. Families and those connected or even might be connected to the armed bands were treated as they had to be excluded from the nation of the Republic of Korea. As pacification and submission maneuvers were unfolded with this idea, promises by the military and the police, agency of the state power, to treat defectors tolerantly were not kept. Most defectors were sent to prisons on the mainland after perfunctory trial. Inmates who were left in rehabilitation camps were released only when they submitted to the ‘anti-communist’ ideology of the government of Syngman Rhee. Those released from camp confinement were not free. They were mobilized into pro-government actions or forced to support the military and the police for pacification maneuvers. Additionally, they were watched in poor collective village and forced to adapt themselves to the ultra-right anti-communism system.

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