지방자치단체 주민들의 주관적 웰빙의 결정요인 연구 - 공동체 의식의 조절효과를 중심으로 -
The Study On Factors Determining Subjective Well - being : Focusing On Moderating Effect of SoC
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초록
본 연구는 지역주민들의 주관적 웰빙의 결정요인을 분석하고 개인적 행태 요인, 사회적 자본요인, 제도적 역량요인, 지역요인들과 주관적 웰빙과의 관계에서 공동체 의식의 조절효과를 분석한 것이다. 분석결과, 주관적 웰빙의 구성요소인 주민들의 삶의 만족과 행복 모두에 영향을 미치는 요인들은 개인적 요인으로는 성별, 학력, 사회경제적 정향중에서는 사회적 지위인식도, 소외감, 경제안정성, 사회적 자본중에서는 타인 신뢰, 제도적 요인중에서는 수도권과 지방간 갈등이었다. 반면에 지역주민들의 삶의 만족에만 영향을 미치는 요인들은 사회적 자본중 지역소속감, 이웃간 소통이고, 행복에만 영향을 미치는 요인들은 지방재정자립도, 지역(도농), 지역총생산이었다. 또한 이러한 주관적 웰빙의 결정요인들과 주관적 웰빙간 관계에 영향을 미치는 조절변수로서 공동체의식(지역소속감)은 지역주민들의 삶의 만족의 경우에는 주민의 지방자치단체 신뢰, 수도권과 지방간 갈등, 1인당 지역내 총생산, 삶의 질(EQ-5D) 등과, 지역주민들의 행복의 경우에는 주민의 지방자치단체 신뢰와 시너지 효과를 창출하는 것이 필요하며, 반면에 삶의 만족도와 관련하여 지역소속감이 높지만 지방재정자립도, 지역총생산이 높을수록 주민들의 삶의 만족도가 낮다는 점을 감안하여 이에 대한 대책이 필요하다는 점을 도출하였다. 이에 따라 지역주민들의 주관적 웰빙의 제고를 위해서 지방자치단체 차원에서 광역자치단체와 기초자치단체별로 각 지역의 특성에 부합하는 주관적 웰빙 지표의 개발과 지역의 시민단체, 지방의회 등과 협의체를 구성하여 주관적 웰빙 지표의 설계, 운영의 내실화 및 민주성을 제고하는 것이 필요하다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze factors determining subjective wellbeing focusing on moderating effect of sense of community(SoC). In order to analyze, theoretical rationale on subjective wellbeing are categorized into individual, social capital, institutional, regional factors. As a result of analysis, gender, education, perceived social status, economical stability, personal trust, intergovernmental conflict affect both life satisfaction and happiness. But institutional factors don't influence. Policy implication are as follows. First, local government must design community-based subjective wellbeing indicators. Second, collaborative governance which insists of associate, citizens, mayor, local council must play a important role in implementing subjective wellbeing policy.
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