국내 다중이용시설의 테러예방 및 대응 환경 제고에 관한 연구 -UN 권고 ‘테러 취약시설’ 이해당사자들의 역할 분담을 중심으로-

Abstract

The 9.11 terror in the United States in 2001 had tremendous impact on distinguishing terrorism before 9.11 and after. This lead to escalating threat of terrorism throughout the world and the expansion of terrorist targets from "hard targets" such as governments and public facilities to "soft targets" such as ordinary citizens. In particular, as homegrown terrorism affected by extremism gradually increases, car attacks on soft targets like gathered crowd or terror attacks using homemade explosives are being carried out indiscriminately regardless of time and place. This causes extreme fear to the public and enormous damage to society, therefore many countries and the United Nations are struggling hard to come up with countermeasures. The United Nations divides each stakeholders of vulnerable targets as member states, policymakers, law enforcement, first responders, intelligence agencies, and non-government actors and describes the roles that each should play. By comparing the roles presented here in light of the domestic situation, this paper tries to diagnose the current level of domestic terrorism prevention activities, derive deficiencies, and present improvement solutions. Currently, since the enactment of the Anti-Terrorism Act in 2016, caution is required in Korea as some foreigners from Islamic countries who live in Korea have been found to be judicialized and forcibly evicted on charges of supporting terrorist funds. In addition, the threat of terrorism by North Korea exists in regard of recent confrontation situations between the South and North. Therefore, it is important to establish counter-terrorism measures for multi-use facilities that are most vulnerable to terrorism or crime, and we should gather our wisdom to create a safer Korea by ensuring safety.