위성영상을 활용한 대하천 정비구간 내 자연경관의 면적 변화지수 분석
Analyzing the Alteration Index of the Landscape Area Change in the Constructed Large River Using Satellite Imagery
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본 연구에서는 4대강 정비사업에 따른 수면, 사주, 수변공간 등 경관 변화를 파악하기 위해 16개 보 하천 구간(292.1km)에 대해 사업 시행 전인 2008년과 시행 후인 2016년의 위성영상을 분석하였다. 하천별 면적변화 정도를 지수화(degree of alteration) 및 등급화하여 변화 경향을 파악하고, 하천 경관 변화와 주요 생태계 영향 현상에 대해 고찰하였다. 분석 결과, 수면적의 경우 사업 시행 전에는 총 55.29km2에서 사업 시행 후 총 97.62km2로 42.33km2가 증가하였다. 변화지수는 구미보(2.18)가 가장 높았으며, 세종보(0.16)가 가장 낮았다. 동일 기간 사주 면적의 경우, 총 15.19km2에서 총 0.70km2로 14.49km2가 감소하였다. 변화지수는 백제보(1.00)와 합천창녕보(1.00)가 가장 높았으며, 승촌보(0.38)가 가장 낮았다. 동일 기간 수변공간의 면적은 총 56.13km2에서 총 28.86km2로 27.27km2가 감소하였다. 변화지수는 합천창녕보(0.82)가 가장 높았으며, 세종보(0.15)는 가장 낮았다. 전반적으로 사주 및 수변공간의 변화지수는 수역의 변화 지수가 클수록 큰 변화를 보였으며, 보 건설 후 관리수위 상승과 사주, 식생대의 준설이 경관 변화에 큰 영향을 미친 것으로 판단되었다. 하천경관 변화는 생물 서식환경과 종 분포 변화에도 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 장기적이고 지속적인 모니터링과 평가가 필요하다.
Abstract
In this study, in order to understand the landscape changes such as the water surface, the sandbar, and the riparian zone according to the four major river projects from 2009 to 2012, the satellite images before and after the construction of the project were analyzed in 16 stream sections (292.1 km). The degree of change in the area of each river was indexed (degree of alteration) and graded to identify the trend of change, and the changes in river landscape and major ecosystem impacts were considered. As a result of the analysis, in the case of water surface area, 42.33km2 increased from 55.29km2 before the project implementation to 97.62km2 after the project. The index of alteration was highest in Gumibo (2.18) and the lowest in Sejongbo (0.16). In the case of the sandbar area during the same period, 14.49km2 decreased from a total of 15.19km2 to a total of 0.70km2. The index of alteration was highest in Baekjebo (1.00) and Hapcheon Changnyeongbo (1.00), and Seungchonbo (0.38) was the lowest. During the same period, the riparian zone area decreased from 56.13km2 to 28.86km2, decreasing by 27.27km2. Hapcheon Changnyeongbo (0.82) had the highest index of alteration and Sejongbo (0.15) had the lowest. Overall, the index of the sandbar and the riparian zone showed a larger change as the index of the water surface increased, and it was judged that the elevation of the management water level after the construction of the weir and the dredging of the sandbar and vegetation had a great influence on the landscape change. Changes in river landscape can have a great effect on changes in the living environment and species distribution, so long-term and continuous monitoring and evaluation are required.
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