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정치효능감과 신뢰의 상호작용이 시민참여에 미치는 영향

The Effect of the Interaction between Political Effectiveness and Trust on Citizen Participation

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초록

본 연구는 시민의 참여 활동에 대한 정치효능감과 신뢰의 영향력을 분석한다. 정치효능감이 시민참여에 영향을 미치는데 있어서 신뢰가 어떠한 조절효과를 지니는지를 살펴보기 위해 정치효능감과 신뢰의 상호작용 효과를 분석하였다. 분석결과 선거참여 활동에는 내적 정치효능감과 외적 정치효능감이 모두 유의미했고, 신뢰 가운데에서는 대통령과 중앙정부 신뢰 및 사회신뢰가 모두 양의 유의미성을 갖는 반면 국회의원 신뢰는 부의 관계를 나타냈다. 선거참여에 영향을 미치는 상호작용으로는 내적 정치효능감과 사회신뢰의 상호작용이 유의미하였으나, 그 관계성은 (-)로 내적 정치효능감이 높을수록 선거 참여가 높아지지만, 사회신뢰가 높아지면 선거참여 수준이 다소 낮아지는 현상을 보였다. 의견제안 참여에는 내적 정치효능감과 외적 정치효능감이 모두 유의미한 영향력을 가지고 있었지만, 신뢰 중에서는 사회신뢰만이 유의미하였다. 의견제안에는 외적 정치효능감과 사회신뢰의 상호작용이 양의 유의미성을 가지는 것으로 나타나 외적 정치효능감이 높을수록 의견제안 참여가 활발해지되, 타인에 대한 신뢰가 참여를 더욱 증진시키는 상승조절효과가 나타났다. 집회나 시위와 같은 비공식적 참여의향에는 내적 정치효능감과 외적 정치효능감이 유의미하였고, 신뢰 중에서는 사회신뢰가 양의 관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 비공식적 참여 의사에는 외적 정치효능감과 사회신뢰의 상호작용이 부의 유의미성을 가졌는데 외적 정치효능감이 높을수록 비공식적 참여활동 의사가 높아지되, 사회신뢰 수준이 높아질수록 타인에 대한 의존으로 비공식적 참여활동 의사가 낮아지는 양상을 확인하였다.

Abstract

This study analyzes the effect of political efficacy and trust on citizen participation activities. The interaction effect of political efficacy and trust was analyzed to examine how trust has a moderating effect in influencing various citizen participation. As a result of the analysis, both internal and external political efficacy were significant in election participation activities, and trust of the president and the central government had a positive relationship, while trust in members of the national assembly showed a negative relationship. As an interaction affecting election participation, the interaction between internal political efficacy and social trust was significant, but the relationship showed a negative relationship. In other words, the higher the internal political efficacy, the higher the participation in the election, but the higher the social trust, the lower the level of participation in the election. Both internal and external political efficacy had a significant influence on participation in opinion proposals, but only social trust was significant among trust. The interaction between external political efficacy and social trust was found to have positive significance in opinion proposals, and the higher the external political efficacy, the more active participation in opinion proposals, but the upward-control effect was found that trust in others further promotes participation. Internal and external political efficacy were significant for informal participation intentions such as rallies and protests, and social trust was found to have a positive relationship among trust. It was confirmed that the interaction between external political efficacy and social trust had negative significance in the informal participation intention, but the higher the level of social trust, the lower the willingness to engage in informal participation due to dependence on others.

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