한국과 일본의 사회적기업 지원체계 및 지원방법 비교 연구

Abstract

The study suggests that social enterprises of Korea develop a sustainable management through the creation of an ecosystem that can grow in itself without direct financial support from the government along with the quantitative and qualitative expansions, by comparing the current status of social enterprises as well as the support system and the ways in Korea and Japan. When compared with Japan, the support system for social enterprises in Korea is institutionally well established and the networks of the intermediary organizations and related groups are also well organized, however, all the systems are government-led. Therefore, besides the subsidies from the corporations and the government, a sustainable management can be involved with unstability when government subsidies are stopped due to the weak infrastructures of regional or private investment. Japan does not have strong policy support at the central government level, while there are a variety of related organizational networks based on the local communities and the intermediary organizations. Thanks to their organic and tight corporations, NPOs for social enterprises are increasing the sustainability by solving various social problems in the region. therefore, Korea needs to shift its policy paradigm from the government-led promotions to the private and local–led ecosystem establishment of social enterprises. In case of Korea, there is an increasing number of corporations in the pursuit of social values in the various areas, however, they are facing strict regulations to be considered as social enterprises. on the other hand, Japan is expanding NPO by simplifying its qualifications and certifications for NPO to acquire through related laws. Although the support system based on the certification system of Korea contributed to upbringing social enterprises in the short time, it needs to promote their entry into various fields by relaxing the certification requirements. Finally, Japan has focused on indirect support for the social enterprises, it has provided diverse ways of support that affect their existences and effective operations at the same time. In the meanwhile, Korea has concentrated more on direct support, especially the labor costs. This may result in closure or cancellation of certification when the direct financial support is discontinued. Thus, it is necessary to deliver a variety of support policies for social enterprises to be more independent rather than direct financial support for the future.