우리말[韓國語] 명칭의 역사적 변천과 민족어 의식의 발달

Abstract

There are a variety of names referring to the Korean language found in historical records. This paper explores and classifies the specific terms and the use of Korean in the documentary records, such as Korea-sa(高麗史), Joseonwangjosi -lrok(朝鮮王朝實錄), Hunminjeongeum(訓民正音), etc. Then, it examines the specific passages of the particular terms, analyses the examples and finally aims to understanding their historical contexts. Such terms as ‘Kuk-eo’(국어, 國語), ‘Han-mal’(한말), or ‘Paedal-mal’(배달말) strongly reflect the self-consciousness of Korean people and their nation. Since the names of the national languages are not clearly specified, they will be named by the terminology : ①Jin-eon(辰言), Kara-eo(加羅語), Puyeo-eo(扶餘語), Ryeo-eo(麗語) ; used in the names of the ancient kingdoms. These were used during the ancient period. ②Pang-eon(方言), Pang-eum(方音), Hyeong-eon(鄕言), Li- eon(俚言), Li-eo(俚語) ; corresponding to the Han-eo(漢語) in China. These are used through Samkuk, Korea and Joseon periods. ③Hyang-ching(鄕稱, country’s calling), Hyang-un(鄕云), Sok-un(俗云), Li-un(俚云) ; not officially specified as terms, but mainly used to refer to expressions in Korean. These are used in documents during Samkuk and Korea periods. ④Eon(諺) and Eon-eo(諺語) ; used to refer to Korean in Hunminjeongeum(訓民正音). ⑤KoreaHwa(高麗話), KoreaMal(高麗ㅅ말), JoseonMal(朝鮮ㅅ말) : reflect the consciousness of national community. ⑥Kuk-eo(國語), Han-mal(한말), Paedal-mal(배달말) ; reflect people's consciousness as a national community. Finally, the change of these names will result in the conclusion that the self-consciousness of the national language is closely related to the historical circumstances of the language community.