Stance-Variations of ‘Fear’-derived Intensifiers in Korean
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This paper examines stance-taking functions and stance-variation phenomena of ‘fear’-derived adverbs in Korean from a perspective of grammaticalization. ‘Fear’- derived adverbs in Koran addressed here are mwusepkey, kepnakey, kkumccikhakey, twulyepkey, and semttukhakey, all denoting ‘fearfully’ with some differential semantic subtleties in addition. They undergo grammaticalization from the contentful entries to the grammatical items of intensifiers by the mechanism of subjectivity. Subjectivity engages a speaker's positioning and evaluating on the stance triangle. Intensifiers, or emphatic markers decode the hyperbolical intensity of speakers, meaning ‘exceedingly, excessively,’ ‘extremely,’ ‘very greatly.’ Intensifiers are properly located just before predicates in Korean. Korean ‘fear’- adverbs mwusepkey, kepnakey, and kkumccikhakey demonstrate the usage of intensifiers. In contrast, twulyepkey and semttukhakey are not used in these contexts, not advancing to a further grammatical stage of the intensifier. At the stage of the respect lexeme, these five ‘fear’-adverbs represents negative emotional stance of ‘being frightened' and ‘being in fear.' At the grammaticalized stage of the intensifier, mwusepkey, kepnakey, and kkumccikhakey denote stance-variation between negative and positive.
Abstract
This paper examines stance-taking functions and stance-variation phenomena of ‘fear’-derived adverbs in Korean from a perspective of grammaticalization. ‘Fear’- derived adverbs in Koran addressed here are mwusepkey, kepnakey, kkumccikhakey, twulyepkey, and semttukhakey, all denoting ‘fearfully’ with some differential semantic subtleties in addition. They undergo grammaticalization from the contentful entries to the grammatical items of intensifiers by the mechanism of subjectivity. Subjectivity engages a speaker's positioning and evaluating on the stance triangle. Intensifiers, or emphatic markers decode the hyperbolical intensity of speakers, meaning ‘exceedingly, excessively,’ ‘extremely,’ ‘very greatly.’ Intensifiers are properly located just before predicates in Korean. Korean ‘fear’- adverbs mwusepkey, kepnakey, and kkumccikhakey demonstrate the usage of intensifiers. In contrast, twulyepkey and semttukhakey are not used in these contexts, not advancing to a further grammatical stage of the intensifier. At the stage of the respect lexeme, these five ‘fear’-adverbs represents negative emotional stance of ‘being frightened' and ‘being in fear.' At the grammaticalized stage of the intensifier, mwusepkey, kepnakey, and kkumccikhakey denote stance-variation between negative and positive.
참고문헌 (13)
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