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진성 리더십이 창의성에 미치는 영향 - 심리적 안전의 매개효과와 향상초점의 조절효과 -

Authentic Leadership and Creativity: Psychological Safety as a Mediator and Promotion Focus as a Moderator

손승연|박정원
한국인적자원관리학회 (Korean Academy Of Human Resource Management)|2016.11|인적자원관리연구 (Journal of Human Resource Management Research)|제23권 제4호|pp. 15-34

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창의성creativity향상초점authentic leadership진성 리더십promotion focus심리적 안전psychological safety
주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 진성 리더십이 조직 혁신의 핵심인 창의성에 어떤 영향을 미치는지와 이 과정에 내재된 메커니즘의 일부를 밝히는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 구체적으로 문헌 및 선행연구를 토대로 창의성에 미치는 진성 리더십의 정적 효과를 검증하고, 이 과정에서 심리적 안전의 매개역할과 구성원 향상초점의 조절효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 가설의 검증을 위해 공군 장교 상사-구성원 171쌍을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고 위계적 다중 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 진성 리더십은 창의성에 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 구성원의 심리적 안전이 이 영향력 과정을 완전 매개하는 것으로 확인되었다. 즉, 진성 리더십은 구성원의 심리적 안전을 높여주고 이로 인해 구성원의 창의성이 증진됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 심리적 안전과 창의성 간의 관계는 구성원의 향상초점이 높을수록 더 강한 것으로 확인되었으며, 조절된 매개효과 검증 결과, 심리적 안전을 통한 진성 리더십의 간접효과는 구성원의 향상초점이 높을 때만 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 구성원의 창의성 증진을 위해 상사의 진정성 있는 리더십이 매우 중요하다는 것을 검증하였으며, 진성 리더십과 창의성 간의 관계에 있어서 선행연구에서 고려되지 못한 매개 및 조절변수를 밝힘으로서 이론적 기여 및 실무적인 시사점을 제공하고 있다. 아울러 연구의 말미에 본 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구방향에 대해 논하였다.

Abstract

A theory of authentic leadership has been emerging over the last several years from the intersection of the leadership, ethics, and positive organizational behavior and scholarship literatures. Authentic leadership is defined as a pattern of leader behavior that draws upon and promotes both positive psychological capacities and a positive ethical climate, to foster greater self-awareness, an internalized moral perspective, balanced processing of information, and relational transparency on the part of leaders working with followers, fostering positive self-development. Research demonstrates authentic leadership are positively related to a broad range of outcomes, including job satisfaction, organizational commitment, trust, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and performance. Whereas scholars have exerted considerable effort toward understanding the effects of authentic leadership on a variety of outcomes, they have not devoted much attention to employee's creativity as the dependent variables. Creativity refers to the generation of those new and useful ideas. All innovation begins with creative ideas. Successful implementation of new programs, new product introductions, or new services depends on a person having a good idea and developing that idea beyond its initial state. Therefore, this article focuses on the relationship between authentic leadership and employee's creativity. Also we argues that the relationship between authentic leadership and creativity is more complicated than simple enactment of leader's behavior. The second purpose of this study therefore is to examine the underlying mechanism that tie authentic leadership to creativity. From the sample of 171 leader-subordinates dyads in the Republic of Korea Air Force, the results show that authentic leadership has a positive effect on employees' creativity and psychological safety is a important mediator of the authentic leadership-creativity relationship. In addition, employees' promotion focus moderates the positive relationship between psychological safety and creativity, such that the positive relationship is stronger when the level of promotion focus is high than when the level of promotion focus is low. These results indicate that authentic leadership is an important antecedent to have an impact on employees' psychological safety and creativity, and employees' promotion focus influences that impact. Based on these results, implications, limitations, and future directions of study were discussed.

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