서사론과 서사형식: 즈네트와 메타픽션
Narrative Theory and Narrative Form: Genette and Metafiction
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Since Plato classified three forms of narrative in his Republic,－pure narrative, representation, and the mixed one of those two－the modes of narration had been rarely discussed except by Aristotle. However those two distinctions between the pure narration and the represented one were revived at the end of 19th century in the name of telling and showing, and eventually became a crucial factor of paradigm shift. This paper focuses on the revolutionary period of 1960s when the new mode of narrative emerged as a “metafiction” along with the new paradigm of narrative theory called ‘the return of the author.’ Rereading of Mailer’s The Armies of the Night in light of Genette’s Narrative Discourse is needed badly so as to reconsider Genette’s terms like focalization, polymodality, homodiegesis, and above all, the narrative levels. Though Mailer shared the same spirit of the return of the author with Genette, his work was not properly interpreted by the contemporary narratologists, because of the unavoidable discrepancy between narrative theory and narrative form. This investigation will reveal what that discrepancy means and how that brings us the unexpected enlightenment in tandem with the new paradigm shift of today.
Abstract
Since Plato classified three forms of narrative in his Republic,－pure narrative, representation, and the mixed one of those two－the modes of narration had been rarely discussed except by Aristotle. However those two distinctions between the pure narration and the represented one were revived at the end of 19th century in the name of telling and showing, and eventually became a crucial factor of paradigm shift. This paper focuses on the revolutionary period of 1960s when the new mode of narrative emerged as a “metafiction” along with the new paradigm of narrative theory called ‘the return of the author.’ Rereading of Mailer’s The Armies of the Night in light of Genette’s Narrative Discourse is needed badly so as to reconsider Genette’s terms like focalization, polymodality, homodiegesis, and above all, the narrative levels. Though Mailer shared the same spirit of the return of the author with Genette, his work was not properly interpreted by the contemporary narratologists, because of the unavoidable discrepancy between narrative theory and narrative form. This investigation will reveal what that discrepancy means and how that brings us the unexpected enlightenment in tandem with the new paradigm shift of today.
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